Inevitable manufacturing imperfections in optical fiber leads to birefringence, which is one cause of pulse broadening in fiber-optic communications. Such imperfections can be geometrical (lack of circular symmetry), due to stress applied to the optical fiber and/or due to bending of the fiber.
Answer: The equation for kinetic energy is 
Explanation:
Kinetic energy is the energy possessed by the virtue of object's motion. It is defined as the work needed to move a body of a given mass from rest to its velocity.
Mathematically,
where,
m = mass of the body
v = velocity of the body.
Hence, above equation relates kinetic energy to the mass and velocity of the body.
It makes the bronze stronger and harder than either of the other two medals
A i hope that helped i love you guys have a great day
And merry chrismas
Answer:When heat is added to a substance, the molecules and atoms vibrate faster. As atoms vibrate faster, the space between atoms increases. The motion and spacing of the particles determines the state of matter of the substance. ... They contract when they lose their heat.
Explanation:Google
