Solution:
In children, it is easily found it can cause rickets. Rickets is a rare disease that causes the bones to become soft and bend. In adults, severe vitamin D deficiency leads to osteomalacia. Osteomalacia causes weak bones, bone pain, and muscle weakness.
It happens due to the lack of Calcium.
The repeating stages a cell experiences, including cell division, compose the cell cycle.
Life cycle of the cell (cell cycle) can be divided in interphase and mitotic phase.
Interphase can be subdivided into:
• G1 phase characterized by the growth of the cell
• S where DNA replication occur
• G2 phase final preparation for mitosis.
Mitotic or M phase consists of:
• Prophase-condensation of chromosomes and mitotic spindle formation
• Metaphase-alignment of the chromosomes
• Anaphase- Sister chromatids are pulled apart by the mitotic spindle
• Telophase-each pole of the cell contain full set of chromosomes.
Two new cells are formed after cytokinesis.
Answer:
A
Explanation:
<u>A human liver cell would have a different size and shape from a human muscle cell because they perform different functions in the body.</u>
<em>The shape a cell would assume and its size depends on the function the cell performs. The functions of the liver in the body of humans differ greatly from the functions of muscles. While the former helps in detoxification, deamination, digestion, etc., the latter helps in support, movement, etc. </em>
The correct option is A.
Answer:
Anaerobic respiration refers to the break down of food (sugar) in absence of oxygen in order to produce energy (ATP or adenosine triphosphate).
In yeast, alcoholic fermentation takes place by which glucose is converted into ethanol (alcohol), carbon dioxide (CO₂), and energy (ATP). It helps in regeneration of NAD⁺ lost during glycolysis. No electron transport chain is required in this process.
The overall reaction can be written as:
Glucose → Pyruvate → Ethanol + Carbon dioxide + ATP.
Contrary, in anaerobic bacteria respiration takes place by using electron acceptor other than oxygen such as sulfate, nitrate, sulfur, fumarate etc. Hence, electrons are passed through a electron transport chain which are finally accepted by any molecule other than oxygen.
Other molecules have less oxidizing potential as compared to the oxygen and thus less energy is released per oxidizing molecule. It makes the anaerobic respiration less efficient as compared to the aerobic respiration.
Examples of anaerobic microbes are methanogens (<em>Methanosarcina barkeri </em>uses CO₂ as final electron acceptor), Desulfuromonadales (uses sulfur as final electron acceptor) etc.
