metres to kilometres = 1/1000
8 m ⇒ 0.008 km
metres to centimetres = × 100
8 m ⇒ 800 cm
Polar molecules do have ionic bonds
The amount of heat needed to increase the temperature of a substance by

is given by

where m is the mass of the substance, Cs is its specific heat capacity and

is the increase of temperature.
If we re-arrange the formula, we get

And if we plug the data of the problem into the equation, we can find the specific heat capacity of the substance:
Answer:
magnification will be -0.025
Explanation:
We have given the radius of curvature = 12 cm
And object distance = 3 m
So focal length 
Now for mirror we know that
So 

v = 0.750 m
Now magnification of the mirror is 
Explanation:
The given value of P is as follows.
P = 1.06F + 22.18, 
or, P' = 1.06
As p' is defined and non-zero. Hence, only critical points are boundary points.
For F = 10, the value of P will be calculated as follows.
P = 
= 32.78
For F = 70, the value of P will be calculated as follows.
P = 
= 96.38
Therefore, the minimum value of P is 32.78 and maximum value of P is 96.38.