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kenny6666 [7]
3 years ago
14

A large fake cookie sliding on a horizontal surface is attached to one end of a horizontal spring with spring constant k = 375 N

/m; the other end of the spring is fixed in place. The cookie has a kinetic energy of 19.0 J as it passes through the position where the spring is unstretched. As the cookie slides, a frictional force of magnitude 10.0 N acts on it. (a) How far will the cookie slide from the position where the spring is unstretched before coming momentarily to rest? m (b) What will be the kinetic energy of the cookie as it slides back through the position where the spring is unstretched?
Physics
1 answer:
spayn [35]3 years ago
8 0

Answer:

The conservation of energy should be used to answer this question.

a)

At the position where the spring is unstretched, the elastic potential energy of the spring is zero.

K_1 + U_1 - W_f = K_2 +U_2\\K_1 - W_f = U_2

since U_1 and K_2 is equal to zero.

W_f = F_fx\\\\U_2 = \frac{1}{2}kx^2\\\\19 - (10)x = \frac{1}{2}(375)x^2\\\\375x^2 + 20x - 38 = 0

The roots of this quadratic equation can be solved by using discriminant.

\Delta = b^2 - 4ac\\x_{1,2} = \frac{-b \pm \sqrt{\Delta}}{2a}

x_1 = -0.346\\x_2 = 0.292

We should use the positive root, so

x = 0.292 m.

b)

We should use energy conservation between the point where the spring is momentarily at rest, and the point where the spring is unstretched.

K_2 + U_2 - W_f = K_3 + U_3\\U_2 - W_f = K_3

since the kinetic energy at point 2 and the potential energy at point 3 is equal to zero.

\frac{1}{2}kx^2 - F_fx = K_3\\K_3 = 15.987 - 2.92 = 13.067 J

Explanation:

In questions with springs, the important thing is to figure out the points where kinetic or potential energy terms would be zero. When the spring is unstretched, the elastic potential energy is zero. And when the spring is at rest, naturally the kinetic energy is equal to zero.

In part b) the cookie slides back to its original position, so the distance traveled, x, is equal to the distance in part a). The frictional force is constant in the system, so it is quite simple to solve part b) after solving part a).

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The maximum kinetic energy, maximum potential energy and the maximum mechanical energy are equal to 7.56J.

<h3>What is simple harmonic motion?</h3>

Simple harmonic motion, in physics, repetitive movement back and forth through an equilibrium, or central, position, so that the maximum displacement on one side of this position is equal to the maximum displacement on the other side.

Simple Harmonic Motion

The given equation of the simple harmonic motion is

x=3.5 sin (\frac{\pi }{2t} + \frac{5\pi }{4} )

Data;

ω = π/2

k = 1.254N/m

Solving this

\frac{dx}{dt} = -3.5 X \frac{\pi }{2} cos (\frac{x\pi t}{2}+\frac{5\pi }{4}  )

Let's calculate the maximum velocity.

V_{m} =\frac{3.5\pi }{2}

This is only possible when cos θ = -1

The maximum kinetic energy is

K_m =\frac{1}{2} mv^2 = \frac{1}{2} X \frac{500}{1000} X \frac{7^2\pi ^2}^{4} ^2

w^2 = \frac{k}{m} \\k = w^2m\\k = \frac{\pi ^2}{4} X \frac{500}{1000} \\k =1.254 N/m

Using the value of spring constant, we can find the maximum potential energy.

P.E =\frac{1}{2} k x^2\\P.E =\frac{1}{2} X 1.234 X 3.5^2 \\P.E = 7.56 J

The maximum potential energy is 7.56J

The maximum mechanical energy is equal to the sum of maximum potential energy and the maximum kinetic energy.

ME = K.E + P.E

ME = 7.56J

From the calculations above, the maximum kinetic energy, maximum potential energy and the maximum mechanical energy are equal to 7.56J.

Learn more on simple harmonic motion here;

brainly.com/question/15556430

#SPJ1

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