In Williamson ether synthesis, the reaction begins when the hydrogen from the alcohol's hydroxyl group contacts the halogen ion. Since the iodide ion is larger than the chloride ion, there is a larger chance of collision between it and the hydrogen atom, so butyl iodide is preferred over butyl chloride.
Also, Williamson synthesis is carried out at relatively high temperatures, around 50ºC-100º C. Ethyl iodide has a boiling point of 72.2ºC, so it will be in the liquid phase. Ethyl chloride has a boiling point of 12.3ºC so it will be in the gaseous phase, which is undesirable for this.
So its temperature will not rise, since kinetic energy of molecules remains the same. The quantity of heat absorbed or released when a substance changes its physical phase at constant temperature (e g. From solid to liquid at melting point or from liquid to gas at boiling point) is termed as its latent heat.
Answer:
The answer is: phospholipid molecules
Explanation:
The plasma membrane of a cell is consists of a lipid bilayer. This lipid bilayer, also known as the phospholipid bilayer, is a polar membrane composed of two layers of lipid molecules, usually amphipathic phospholipid molecules.
The amphipathic phospholipid molecules have a hydrophilic phosphate head on the exterior and a hydrophobic tail consisting of fatty acid chain on the interior of the membrane.
Answer:
It donates a hydrogen ion
Explanation:
Under the Bronsted-Lowry definition of an acid, acids are protons donors which donate the H+ ion, or the hydrogen ion.
