A long reflexive pathway has an advantage over a short reflexive pathway in the fact that they can be also be stimulated by the central nervous system, whereas the short reflexive pathway is only stimulated by the enteric nervous system.
The invention of the microscope allowed the first view of cells. English physicist and microscopist Robert Hooke (1635–1702) first described cells in 1665. He made thin slices of cork and likened the boxy partitions he observed to the cells (small rooms) in a monastery.
From an ethical view or standpoint, it is essential that the biotechnology products are to be extensively tested first before they are used because of the many effects that they might have to the receiver of the end products, especially that the biotechnology products should promote welfare of the living organisms.
Answer: social and economic
The development of new technologies such as installation of solar panels or the use of geothermal energy to prevent global warming is a social and economic effect. The energy being generated by these processes are useful for human society. This is a social and economic effort done by society in favor of mankind. The energy generated by this process is used in electricity generation and for industrial and commercial needs.
Answer:
One thing you will be able to notice about the structure of the inner mitochondrial membrane is that it is heavily convoluted (folded); in other words, it has a lot of infoldings (what we formally call cristae). This allows lots more ATP production to occur, as infoldings mean the surface area of the inner mitochondrial membrane, meaning more ETCs/ATP synthases can be fitted in that membrane. This has to do with the last step of aerobic respiration, electron transport chain plus chemiosmosis.
