The question has mentioned three solvents: water, ethanol, and diethyl ether. Water is miscible with ethanol but not diethyl ether. As a result, it would be possible to separate a mixture of water and diethyl ether with a separatory funnel but not a mixture of water and ethanol using such techniques.
Substance X dissolves well in diethyl ether but not in water; substance Y dissolves well in water but not in diethyl ether. As a result, the two components of this mixture would end up in different layers when dissolved in a mixture of water and diethyl ether- which separate into two layers itself. One would expect to find
- a solution mostly of substance X in the diethyl ether layer, and
- a solution mostly of substance Y in the water layer.
Given the fact that diethyl ether has a density less than that of water ( as opposed to ,) it would form the upper layer of its mixture with water. Separate the mixture with a separatory funnel. The question stated that both X and Y are under the solid state while the two solvents are both liquidsm implying that the boiling points of both species are higher than that of their respective solvent. Therefore heat the solutions till all solvent had evaporated to obtain X and Y.
We can skip option B and D because NaCl is salt and H₂SO₄ is a strong acid.
Neutralization reactions are those reactions in which acid and base react to form salt and water.
As water being amphoteric in nature can react with HCl as follow,
HCl + H₂O ⇆ H₃O⁺ + OH⁻
In this case no salt is formed, so we can skip this option.
Ammonia being a weak base can abstract proton from HCl as follow,
HCl + NH₃ → NH₄Cl
Ammonium Chloride is a salt. So, among all four options, Option-C is the correct answer.
Answer:
0.53
Explanation:
<em>A solution is made by mixing 42 g of chloroform (CHCl₃) and 31 g of heptane (C₇H₁₆). Calculate the mole fraction of chloroform in this solution. Be sure your answer has the correct number of significant digits.</em>
Step 1: Calculate the number of moles of chloroform
The molar mass of CHCl₃ is 119.38 g/mol.
42 g × 1 mol/119.38 g = 0.35 mol
Step 2: Calculate the number of moles of heptane
The molar mass of C₇H₁₆ is 100.20 g/mol.
31 g × 1 mol/100.20 g = 0.31 mol
Step 3: Calculate the total number of moles
We will use the following expression.
n = nCHCl₃ + nC₇H₁₆ = 0.35 mol + 0.31 mol = 0.66 mol
Step 4: Calculate the mole fraction of chloroform
We will use the following expression.
χ(CHCl₃) = nCHCl₃ / n
χ(CHCl₃) = 0.35 mol / 0.66 mol = 0.53