Answer:
(a)0.0675 J
(b)0.0675 J
(c)0.0675 J
(d)0.0675 J
(e)-0.0675 J
(f)0.459 m
Explanation:
15g = 0.015 kg
(a) Kinetic energy as it leaves the hand

(b) By the law of energy conservation, the work done by gravitational energy as it rises to its peak is the same as the kinetic energy as the ball leave the hand, which is 0.0675 J
(c) The change in potential energy would also be the same as 0.0675J in accordance with conservation law of energy.
(d) The gravitational energy at peak point would also be the same as 0.0675J
(e) In this case as the reference point is reversed, we would have to negate the original potential energy. So the potential energy as the ball leaves hand is -0.0675J
(f) Since at the maximum height the ball has potential energy of 0.0675J. This means:
mgh = 0.0675
0.015*9.81h = 0.0675
h = 0.459 m
The ball would reach a maximum height of 0.459 m
The center of mass is given with this formula:

Velocity is:

So, for the velocity of the center of mass we have:

In our case it is:
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If the machine is 100% efficient, then its
Mechanical Advantage is (450/50) = 9 .
If the machine is less than 100% efficient,
then the MA is more than 9 .