Bernard Spilsbury is known as the father of forensic science.
The correct answer is E)52
When there is Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium like in this case of a single locus with two alleles denoted A and a with frequencies f(A) = p and f(a) = q, the expected genotype frequencies under random mating are f(AA) = p² for the AA homozygotes, f(aa) = q² for the aa homozygotes, and f(Aa) = 2pq for the heterozygotes. Let's put that A is dominant and a is recessive allele. In Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium we have:
p²+2*p*q+q²= 1 p+q=1 p=1-q
f(a) =0.4=q q²=0.4²=0.16=16%
p= 1-0.4=0.6 p²=0.6²=0.36=36%
Percentage of a homozygous genotype in the population is 16%+36%=52%
Some substances that were not initially filtered in the glomerulus, but must be eliminated from the blood, become a component of urine through the process of urine formation.
Urine: A liquid excrement consisting of water, salts, and urea, which is made in the kidneys then released through the urethra.
The process of urine formation involves 3 major steps:
- Filtration:- Blood enters the afferent arteriole during filtration, flowing into the glomerulus where filterable blood components—such as water and nitrogenous waste—move toward the interior of the glomerulus and nonfilterable blood components—such as cells and serum albumins—exit via the efferent arteriole.
- Reabsorption: During this, ions and molecules will be returned to the bloodstream. As the fluid's osmolarity (ion concentration) fluctuates, water and ions are eliminated as it moves through the proximal/distal convoluted tubules, the loop of Henle, and the collecting duct.
- The process of secretion involves the removal of various substances from the blood into the collecting duct, including hydrogen ions, creatinine, and medications. Urine, the final result of all these procedures, is essentially a collection of chemicals that have not undergone tubular or glomerular reabsorption.
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In this case, the physiotherapist is using Constraint-induced movement therapy.
In Constraint-induced movement therapy, the therapist forces the use of the affected arm, by restricting the movement of the arm. In this condition, the therapist block all the possible to work with an unaffected arm, which force the person to use the other arm, and hence, it helps in restoring the movement of the affected arm.
D. ice core samples for the arctic and anarctic
