Answer:
a. Solid length Ls = 2.6 in
b. Force necessary for deflection Fs = 67.2Ibf
Factor of safety FOS = 2.04
Explanation:
Given details
Oil-tempered wire,
d = 0.2 in,
D = 2 in,
n = 12 coils,
Lo = 5 in
(a) Find the solid length
Ls = d (n + 1)
= 0.2(12 + 1) = 2.6 in Ans
(b) Find the force necessary to deflect the spring to its solid length.
N = n - 2 = 12 - 2 = 10 coils
Take G = 11.2 Mpsi
K = (d^4*G)/(8D^3N)
K = (0.2^4*11.2)/(8*2^3*10) = 28Ibf/in
Fs = k*Ys = k (Lo - Ls )
= 28(5 - 2.6) = 67.2 lbf Ans.
c) Find the factor of safety guarding against yielding when the spring is compressed to its solid length.
For C = D/d = 2/0.2 = 10
Kb = (4C + 2)/(4C - 3)
= (4*10 + 2)/(4*10 - 3) = 1.135
Tau ts = Kb {(8FD)/(Πd^3)}
= 1.135 {(8*67.2*2)/(Π*2^3)}
= 48.56 * 10^6 psi
Let m = 0.187,
A = 147 kpsi.inm^3
Sut = A/d^3 = 147/0.2^3 = 198.6 kpsi
Ssy = 0.50 Sut
= 0.50(198.6) = 99.3 kpsi
FOS = Ssy/ts
= 99.3/48.56 = 2.04 Ans.
Answer:
Pyrolysis
It is a biomass in anaerobic conditions results in the production of solid charcoal, liquid bio-oil and fuel gases. . Pyroolysis can be categorized into three groups depending on environment conditions, namely conventional pyrolysis, fast pyrolysis and flash pyrolysis.
Given Information:
Output power required = Pout = 2.80 MW
Efficiency = η = 30%
Intensity = I = 1180 W/m²
Required Information:
Effective area = A = ?
Answer:
Effective area = A = 7.907x10³ m²
Step-by-step explanation:
A community plans to build a facility to convert solar power into electrical power and this facility has an efficiency of 30%
As we know efficiency is given by
η = Pout/Pin
Where Pout is the output power and Pin is the input power.
Pin = Pout/η
Pin = 2.80x10⁶/0.30
Pin = 9.33x10⁶ W
The effective area of a perfectly absorbing surface used in such an installation can be found using
A = Pin/I
Where I is the in Intensity of the sunlight in W/m²
A = 9.33x10⁶/1180
A = 7.907x10³ m²
Therefore, the effective area of the absorbing surface would be 7.907x10³ m².
Answer:
Sisal
Explanation:
Sisal is another natural fiber that comes from plants. It is a very weak fiber that has less strength than cotton.
