1answer.
Ask question
Login Signup
Ask question
All categories
  • English
  • Mathematics
  • Social Studies
  • Business
  • History
  • Health
  • Geography
  • Biology
  • Physics
  • Chemistry
  • Computers and Technology
  • Arts
  • World Languages
  • Spanish
  • French
  • German
  • Advanced Placement (AP)
  • SAT
  • Medicine
  • Law
  • Engineering
s344n2d4d5 [400]
3 years ago
10

One liter of oxygen gas at standard temperature and pressure has a mass of 1.43 g. The same volume of hydrogen gas under these c

onditions is 0.089 g. If both volumes contain the same number of gas particles (according to Avogadro's hypothesis), how can this difference in mass be explained?
Chemistry
1 answer:
Alchen [17]3 years ago
7 0

Answer:

Indeed, the two samples should contain about the same number of gas particles. However, the molar mass of \rm O_2\; (g) is larger than that of \rm H_2\; (g) (by a factor of about 16.) Therefore, the mass of the \rm O_2\; (g) sample is significantly larger than that of the \rm H_2\; (g) sample.

Explanation:

The \rm O_2\; (g) and the \rm H_2\; (g) sample here are under the same pressure and temperature, and have the same volume. Indeed, if both gases are ideal, then by Avogadro's Law, the two samples would contain the same number of gas particles (\rm O_2\; (g) and \rm H_2\; (g) molecules, respectively.) That is:

n(\mathrm{O_2}) = n(\mathrm{H}_2).

Note that the mass of a gas m is different from the number of gas particles n in it. In particular, if all particles in this gas have a molar mass of M, then:

m = n \cdot M.

In other words,

  • m(\mathrm{O_2}) = n(\mathrm{O_2}) \cdot M(\mathrm{O_2}).
  • m(\mathrm{H_2}) = n(\mathrm{H_2}) \cdot M(\mathrm{H_2}).

The ratio between the mass of the \rm O_2\; (g) and that of the \rm H_2\; (g) sample would be:

\begin{aligned}& \frac{m(\mathrm{O_2})}{m(\mathrm{H_2})} = \frac{n(\mathrm{O_2})\cdot M(\mathrm{O_2})}{n(\mathrm{H_2})\cdot M(\mathrm{H_2})}\end{aligned}.

Since n(\mathrm{O_2}) = n(\mathrm{H}_2) by Avogadro's Law:

\begin{aligned}& \frac{m(\mathrm{O_2})}{m(\mathrm{H_2})} = \frac{n(\mathrm{O_2})\cdot M(\mathrm{O_2})}{n(\mathrm{H_2})\cdot M(\mathrm{H_2})} = \frac{M(\mathrm{O_2})}{M(\mathrm{H_2})}\end{aligned}.

Look up relative atomic mass data on a modern periodic table:

  • \rm O: 15.999.
  • \rm H: 1.008.

Therefore:

  • M(\mathrm{O_2}) = 2 \times 15.999 \approx 31.998\; \rm g \cdot mol^{-1}.
  • M(\mathrm{H_2}) = 2 \times 1.008 \approx 2.016\; \rm g \cdot mol^{-1}.

Verify whether \begin{aligned}& \frac{m(\mathrm{O_2})}{m(\mathrm{H_2})}= \frac{M(\mathrm{O_2})}{M(\mathrm{H_2})}\end{aligned}:

  • Left-hand side: \displaystyle \frac{m(\mathrm{O_2})}{m(\mathrm{H_2})}= \frac{1.43\; \rm g}{0.089\; \rm g} \approx 16.1.
  • Right-hand side: \displaystyle \frac{M(\mathrm{O_2})}{M(\mathrm{H_2})}= \frac{31.998\; \rm g \cdot mol^{-1}}{2.016\; \rm g \cdot mol^{-1}} \approx 15.9.

Note that the mass of the \rm H_2\; (g) sample comes with only two significant figures. The two sides of this equations would indeed be equal if both values are rounded to two significant figures.

You might be interested in
In a space ship circling the moon , with oxygen for humans breathing. All of a sudden the ship has no oxygen can a person get en
Papessa [141]

Answer:

no

Explanation:

6 0
3 years ago
How does ur body maintain constant tempature on a hot day?
Lina20 [59]

It knows that when water evaporates, it carries heat energy away with it. 
So your body puts some water out on your skin, and hopes that it will
evaporate.  We call that "perspiring" or "sweating".


8 0
3 years ago
Read 2 more answers
What is the pOH value of 0.0000877 M HCL
ki77a [65]

Answer:

pOH=9.9

Explanation:

pH=-log[H+]= -log[0.0000877]

=4.06

pOH+ pH=14

pOH=14-4.06= 9.91

7 0
3 years ago
1. An atom that has an outer shell that is NOT full is (more likely OR less likely) to be reactive than an atom that has a full
Serga [27]
Yes because they atom with a stable octet electrons is less reactive it does not need any more electrons while an atom that has an partially filled electrons need more electrons to complete octet structure
7 0
3 years ago
Classify each of the following as a combination, decomposition, single replacement, double replacement, or combustion reaction:
hjlf

Answer:

1) single replacement

2) combustion reaction.

3) double replacement reaction

4) combination reaction

5) decomposition reaction

Explanation:

Chemical equation:

Fe₂CO₃ + 3C  →   2Fe + 3CO

The given reaction is single replacement reaction. In this reaction carbon react with Fe₂CO₃ and replace the iron from CO₃²⁻ and form free iron and carbon monoxide.

Chemical equation:

C₂H₄ + 3O₂   →  2CO₂ + 2H₂O

The given reaction is combustion reaction. In which ethene burn in the presence of oxygen form carbon dioxide and water.

Chemical equation:

Fe₂O₃ + 6HCl   →  2FeCl₃ + 3H₂O

The given reaction is double replacement reaction. In which anion and cation of both reactants exchange with each others.

Chemical equation:

2Al + 2Br₂ →  2AlBr₃

The given reaction is combination reaction in which aluminium and bromine combine to form aluminium bromide.

Chemical equation:

C₆H₁₂O₆   →    6C + 6H₂O

The given reaction is decomposition reaction in which glucose molecule decompose to give water and carbon.

7 0
3 years ago
Other questions:
  • Using what you know about the compressibility of gases explain why the oxygen in is a SCUBA tank is compressed
    10·1 answer
  • According to the law of conservation of matter, the number of ________ is not changed by a chemical reaction.
    9·2 answers
  • In the early 1960s, radioactive strontium-90 was released during atmospheric testing of nuclear weapons and got into the bones o
    8·1 answer
  • As you move left to right across a period, which of the following always increases?
    12·2 answers
  • Which atomic model was proposed as a result of J. J. Thomson’s work?
    7·1 answer
  • What is the chemical formula of sodium carbonate?
    5·1 answer
  • How many atoms are in 3.5 moles of arsenic atoms?
    12·1 answer
  • How many milliliters are in 8.12 moles of N2
    9·1 answer
  • Element X has an average atomic mass of 64.32 amu. If this element consists of only two isotopes, X-64 and X-65, which isotope i
    15·1 answer
  • Which Group is in the leftmost column on the periodic table?
    15·2 answers
Add answer
Login
Not registered? Fast signup
Signup
Login Signup
Ask question!