1. Show the mechanism for the main product for the monochlorination of 2-methylbutane. List all other products.
2 answers:
Answer:
See explanation.
Explanation:
Hello,
In the attached picture you will find the required mechanism.
1. The first step is the dissociation of chlorine by the effect of hear or light.
2. Then, the chlorine is able to "steal" a hydrogen from the 2-methylbutane based on Markovnikov's rules so a free radical is formed as well as hydrogen chloride.
3. Then, the previously formed free radical is attacked by the remaining chlorine to yield the 3-chloro-2-methylbutane.
At the end the overall reaction is shown.
Regards.
Answer:
See explanation below
Explanation:
First, we need to understand that the monochlorination of an alkane like this one, involves substitution of one of the atoms of hydrogen of the molecule for an atom of chlorine.
This reaction takes place when the alkane reacts with Cl₂ in presence of light or heat.
When this happens, the first step involves the breaking of the double bond of the chlorine to form the ion Cl⁻.
The next step involves the substraction of the hydrogen of the molecule by the Chlorine. This will leave the alkane with a lone pair available for reaction.
The third step, the alkane with the lone pair of electron substract a chlorine for the beggining and form the mono chlorinated product.
The final step involves forming the remaining products with the remaining reagents there.
In the picture attached you have the mechanism and product for this reaction:
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Answer:
Explanation:
We are asked to find the mass of a number of platinum (Pt) atoms.
<h3>1. Convert Atoms to Moles </h3>First, we convert atoms to moles using Avogadro's Number or 6.022 × 10²³. This is the number of particles (atoms, molecules, formula units, etc.) in 1 mole of a substance. In this case, the particles are platinum atoms.
We will convert using dimensional analysis so we set up a ratio using the information we know (6.022 × 10²³ platinum atoms in 1 mole of platinum).
We are converting 4.99 ×10²¹ atoms of Pt to moles of Pt, so we multiply by this value.
Flip the ratio so the units of atoms of platinum cancel.
Divide.
Next, we convert moles to grams using the molar mass. This is the mass of 1 mole of a substance. This is found on the Periodic Table because it is equivalent to the atomic mass, but the units are grams per mole instead of atomic mass units. Look up platinum's molar mass.
- Pt: 195.08 g/mol
Set up another ratio using this new information (195.08 grams of Pt in 1 mole of Pt).
Multiply by the number of moles we just calculated.
The units of moles of platinum cancel.
The original measurement of atoms ( 4.99 ×10²¹ ) has 3 significant figures, so our answer must have the same. For the number we found, that is the hundredth place. The 6 in the thousandth place tells us to round the 1 up to a 2.
There are approximately <u>1.62 grams of platinum</u> in 4.99 ×10²¹ atoms of platinum.