All categories

3 years ago

1. Show the mechanism for the main product for the monochlorination of 2-methylbutane. List all other products.

Chemistry

2 answers:

Nataly_w [17]3 years ago

5 0

Answer:

See explanation.

Explanation:

Hello,

In the attached picture you will find the required mechanism.

1. The first step is the dissociation of chlorine by the effect of hear or light.

2. Then, the chlorine is able to "steal" a hydrogen from the 2-methylbutane based on Markovnikov's rules so a free radical is formed as well as hydrogen chloride.

3. Then, the previously formed free radical is attacked by the remaining chlorine to yield the 3-chloro-2-methylbutane.

At the end the overall reaction is shown.

Regards.

Bad White [126]3 years ago

3 0

Answer:

See explanation below

Explanation:

First, we need to understand that the monochlorination of an alkane like this one, involves substitution of one of the atoms of hydrogen of the molecule for an atom of chlorine.

This reaction takes place when the alkane reacts with Cl₂ in presence of light or heat.

When this happens, the first step involves the breaking of the double bond of the chlorine to form the ion Cl⁻.

The next step involves the substraction of the hydrogen of the molecule by the Chlorine. This will leave the alkane with a lone pair available for reaction.

The third step, the alkane with the lone pair of electron substract a chlorine for the beggining and form the mono chlorinated product.

The final step involves forming the remaining products with the remaining reagents there.

In the picture attached you have the mechanism and product for this reaction:

You might be interested in

A solution is prepared by mixing 250 mL of 1.00 M CH3COOH with 500 mL of 1.00 M NaCH3COO. What is the pH of this solution? (Ka f

Svetllana [295]

Answer:

A solution is prepared by mixing 250 mL of 1.00 M

CH3COOH with 500 mL of 1.00 M NaCH3COO.

What is the pH of this solution?

(Ka for CH3COOH = 1.8 × 10−5 )

Explanation:

This is a case of a neutralization reaction that takes place between acetic acid, CH 3 COOH , a weak acid, and sodium hydroxide, NaOH , a strong base.

The resulting solution pH, depends if the neutralization is complete or not. If not, that is, if the acid is not completely neutralized, a buffer solution containing acetic acid will be gotten, and its conjugate base, the acetate anion.

It's important to note that at complete neutralization, the pH of the solution will not equal 7 . Even if the weak acid is neutralized completely, the solution will be left with its conjugate base, this is the reason why the expectations of its pH is to be over 7 .

So, the balanced chemical equation for this reaction is the ionic equation:

CH 3 COOH (aq] + OH − (aq] → CH 3 COO − (aq] + H 2 O (l]

Notice that:

1 mole of acetic acid will react with: 1 mole of sodium hydroxide, shown here as hydroxide anions, OH − , to produce 1 mole of acetate anions:

CH 3 COO −

To determine how many moles of each you're adding , the molarities and volumes of the two solutions are used:

c = n / V ⇒ n = c ⋅ V

n acetic = 0.20 M ⋅ 25.00 ⋅ 10 − 3 L = 0.0050 moles CH3 COOH

and

n hydroxide = 0.10 M ⋅ 40.00 ⋅ 10 − 3 L = 0.0040 moles OH −

There are fewer moles of hydroxide anions, so the added base will be completely consumed by the reaction.

As a result, the number of moles of acetic acid that remain in solution is:

n acetic remaining = 0.0050 − 0.0040 = 0.0010 moles

The reaction will also produce 0.0040 moles of acetate anions.

This is, then a buffer and the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation is applied to find its pH :

pH = p K a + log ( [ conjugate base ] / [ weak acid ] )

Use the total volume of the solution to find the new concentrations of the acid and of its conjugate base .

V total = V acetic + V hydroxide

V total = 25.00 mL + 40.00 mL = 65.00 mL

Thus the concentrations will be :

[ CH 3 COOH ] = 0.0010 moles / 65.00 ⋅ 10 − 3 L = 0.015385 M

and

[ CH 3 COO − ] = 0.0040 moles / 65 ⋅ 10 − 3 L = 0.061538 M

The p K a of acetic acid is equal to 4.75

Thus the pH of the solution will be:

pH = 4.75 + log ( 0.061538 M / 0.015385 M )

pH = 5.35

5 0

2 years ago

Read 2 more answers

Write the structure of the following compound:<br>=> 3-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-methylpropane

Rudiy27

Answer:

See explanation and image attached

Explanation:

The IUPAC system of nomenclature enables the structure of molecules to be written seamlessly from the name of the compound. Hence it is commonly called the systematic nomenclature.

The parent chain here is propane. It is substituted at the 2- position by a methyl group and at the 3-position by 4-chlorophenyl group as we can see in the image attached to this answer.

7 0

3 years ago

What type of energy is stored in the earths crust and produces earthquakes when It is released

mylen [45]

Heat energy because the energy in seismic waves that causes the ground to shake is heat energy. Heat energy associated with friction on the fault slip surface

Please mark me as braunliest

3 0

2 years ago

0.350 mol of a solid was dissolved in 260 mL of water at 21.2 oC. After the solid had fully dissolved, the final temperature of

Fittoniya [83]

Answer: Heat of the solution = mass water × specific heat water × change in temperature

mass water = 260ml (1.00g/ml ) = 260g

specific heat of water = c(water) = 4.184J/ g°C

Heat change of water = final temperature - initial temperature

= 26.5 - 21.2

= 5.3 °C

H = 260 g ( 4.184J/g°C ) (5.3°C) = 5765J

Molar heat = $\frac{5765J}{0.350mol}$

= 16473J/mol

Explanation: finding molar heat requires first to look at specific heat of water and the change of water temperature

7 0

3 years ago

What is a cell? ‍♀️

Alexandra [31]

Answer:

Cell is defined as the smallest unit or basic unit of life.

3 0

2 years ago

Read 2 more answers