we know automatically that glucose and pyruvate are wrong answers due to the fact that glucose is sugar and that pyruvate is a type of acid. this just leaves us with ADP and ATP now ADP and ATP are very close answers, since ADP is what makes ATP, but an electron transport change usually involves the transfer of electrons well if we look at their chemical formulas, we can see that ATP has more 1 more oxygen than ADP, and this kind of chain usually adds additional oxygen which gives us ATP as our answer.
The level of protein X in these patients will be low due to degradation in the proteasome. Ubiquitnation process occur when ubiquitin is attached to a particular protein and the protein become deactivated. Ubiquitin is a small biochemical molecule which marks out proteins for destruction. Any protein that have ubiquitin attached to it will be transported to the proteasome for destruction by degradation.
A virus's ability to infect an animal cell depends primarily upon the "<span>presence of receptor sites on the cell membrane"
Hope this helps!</span>
Molecular clocks use rates of mutation to measure evolutionary time.Mutations add up at a fairly constant rate in the DNA of species that evolved from a common ancestor. The more mutations that happened in each lineage, the greater is the differences between these lineages.
The types of evidence for evolution include
i) Changes in allele frequency over subsequent generations.
ii) When the population in question is examined it does not follow Hardy-Weiberg equilibrium.
iii) Signs of gene flow between populations.
iv) Presence of Sewall-Wright effects or genetic drift in the population.
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