Primary, so the first option, or option A
The evolution of sexual reproduction is a great puzzle in modern evolutionary biology. Many groups of eukaryotic organisms, especially most animals and plants, reproduce sexually. The evolution of sex between two organisms of the same species contains two related but different themes: its origin and its maintenance. However, since hypotheses for the origin of sex are difficult to test experimentally, most of the current work has focused on the maintenance of sexual reproduction. Biologists, including W. D. Hamilton, Alexei Kondrashov, and George C. Williams, have proposed various explanations for how sexual reproduction is maintained in a large set of different living things.
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So if the size of the pore is small then the rate of the diffusion will be very slow as the molecules will move from high concentration to low concentration in very slow rate.
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Q2->They all form acids when combined with hydrogen. They are all fairly toxic. They readily combine with metals to form salts.
Q3->Because their outermost orbit is complete. In Mendeleev's original periodic table there was no place reserved for noble gas. They were discovered in end of 19th century. So Mendeleev created zero group without disturbing original periodic table.
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