Two ways that salinity can increase
1 answer:
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Answer:
a. See figure 1
b. See figure 2
c. Three cycles
d. Four Acetyl-CoAs
Explanation:
<u>a. Draw the condensed structural formula for the activated form of caprylic acid</u>
<u />
For the activation of the fatty acid, an ATP molecule is needed to bind AMP in the acid group and then an Acetyl-CoA molecule to generate the <u>activated fatty acid</u>. (See figure 1)
<u>b. Indicate the α- & β-carbon atoms in caprylic acid</u>
<u />
By definition, the alpha and beta carbons are the carbons that are in positions 2 and 3 respectively to the main carbon. In this case, the main carbon is the carbon from the acid group, therefore the <u>alpha carbon</u> will be carbon 2 (red arrow) and the <u>beta carbon</u> will be carbon 3 (blue arrow). (See figure 2).
<u>c. State the number of β-oxidation cycles for the complete oxidation of caprylic acid.</u>
<u />
To calculate the cycles we have to use the equation:
<u />
, where n is the amount of carbons, in this case, we have 8 carbons, so:
<u> </u>
<u>We will have 3 cycles</u>. (See figure 3)
<u>d. State the number of acetyl-CoAs from the complete oxidation of caprylic acid</u>
In the β-oxidation metabolic cycle, we have a relationship between Acetyl-CoA produced and the number of carbons:
if n=8 we will have:
<u>We will have 4 Acetyl-CoAs</u>.
I hope it helps!
