Answer:
In Pavlov's classic study on classical conditioning, the bell was the <u>neutral stimulus </u>before conditioning and the <u>conditioned stimulus</u> after conditioning had occurred (option C).
Explanation:
Classical conditioning, proposed by Ivan Pavlov, establishes that two stimuli -one unconditioned that produces a response and one neutral- when associated, convert the neutral stimulus into a conditioned one with a response.
Pavlov's famous dog experiment laid the foundations of classical conditioning:
- A dog is capable of salivating at the sight of food.
- The same dog does not react to a bell.
- When the dog is shown the food and the bell rings, in repeated opportunities, the only sound of the bell will make it salivate, what is a conditioned response.
The bell, a neutral stimulus, and salivation have become a conditioned stimulus and response, respectively.
Regarding other options:
<em> a. A conditioned stimulus does not lead to an unconditioned one.
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<em> b. A neutral stimulus does not result in reinforcement.
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<em> c. Pavlov's experiment did not demonstrate the conversion of a conditioned stimulus into a neutral stimulus.</em>
You are dispatched to a residence for a 59-year-old male with an unknown emergency. when you arrive, you find the patient sitting on the couch. he is conscious, is noticeably diaphoretic, and complains of dizziness and weakness. during your assessment, you note a large, well-healed vertical scar in the center of his chest and a small bulge just under the skin in the upper left part of his chest. his blood pressure is 90/50 mm hg, pulse is 44 beats/min and weak, and respirations are 24 breaths/min and unlabored. what is the most likely cause of this patient's condition?
- Artificial pacemaker failure
Proper Medication will increase an hiv positive
Oxidative stress is an imbalance between the production of free radicals (highly unstable molecules that are naturally formed when you exercise and when your body converts food into energy) and the ability of the body to counteract or detoxify their harmful effects through neutralization by antioxidants. Antioxidants such as thiols or ascorbic acid prevent free radicals forming due to oxidation. Some ways our bodies can be exposed to oxidative stress are by having an unbalanced diet, smoking, or sun exposure. Some ways to prevent oxidative stress are having a healthy diet, not smoking, exercising regularly and wearing sunscreen.
