Answer:
C) causing a shortage of funds for investment in physical capital.
Explanation:
In economics, savings equals investment. Higher investments result in higher productivity, that is why the savings rate of a country is the single most important factor in determining future economic growth.
Low savings rate means that current consumption is very large, and that benefits economic growth on the short run (very short run, like 1 or 2 years), but future economic growth will suffer from it.
Imagine your house as the total economy of a nation. You earn $1,000 per month and must decide how much to spend right now and how much to save for future spending. If you spend the $1,000 right now, you will purchase several things and enjoy them immediately. But what happens in one or two weeks. Since you do not have any more money left, you cannot purchase anything else, which reduces your future joy.
Investment increases future wealth and fosters economic prosperity.
Daniela Costa, head of the European Capital Goods Equity Research team in Goldman Sachs Research, outlines three key drivers of this development, which could provide more than $500 billion in combined savings for manufacturers and customers.
Goldman Sachs is an American multinational funding financial institution and monetary offerings company. Founded in 1869, Goldman Sachs is situated at 2 hundred West road in decrease big apple, with local headquarters in London, Warsaw, Bangalore, Hong Kong, Tokyo, and Salt Lake town, and extra places of work in different global monetary facilities. Goldman Sachs is the second biggest investment financial institution in the international through sales and is ranked 57th at the Fortune 500 listing of the largest united states of America companies by overall revenue. It's miles considered a systemically critical financial institution by way of the economic balance Board. The employer has been criticized for a lack of ethical standards, working with dictatorial regimes, close relationships with the U.S. Federal government thru a "revolving door" of former employees, and using up charges of commodities through futures hypothesis.
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Marginal social cost is defined as the marginal private cost plus the opportunity cost.
When an extra or additional unit of a good or service this produced brings about a change in society's total cost. This change in society's total cost is called marginal social cost. This includes both the opportunity cost and the marginal private cost. So it is the total of the private cost and the external cost that the person has to pay.
Marginal private cost is the change in the total cost of the producer due to the production of an additional unit of a good or service. This cost is also known as the marginal cost of production For example if the production of a person's costs rises from$1,000 to $1,050 due to the production of this one good being produced for $50 is known as the marginal private cost.
The opportunity cost is the benefit the person would have gotten if he would have invested the money elsewhere. For example, if the person has an extra $50. He can either invest it in the business or he can invest it in the bank and get the interest. The interest money that the person has to forgo is called the opportunity cost.
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I would say that B), C) and D) would apply as events that would be covered by one's own homeowner insurance for sure. The flooding, as long as it wasn't one's own fault, ie it was the neighbour's fault or it ingressed from outside for example should be covered by the building insurance if it is a strata complex and if one has a deductible for flooding in case of one's fault, that will help too.
Interest paid to the share holder of a specific company that offers a dividend. (note: not all companies pay dividends).
