Answer:
Tetrahedral, trigonal pyramidal, trigonal bipyramidal.
Explanation:
The VSPER theory states that the bonds of sharing electrons and the lone pairs of electrons will repulse as much as possible. So, by the repulsion, the molecule will have some shape.
In the ion PO₄³⁻, the central atom P has 5 electrons in its valence shell, so it needs 3 electrons to be stable. Oxygen has 6 electrons at the valence shell and needs 2 to be stable. 3 oxygens share 1 pair of electrons with P, and the two lone pair remaining in P is shared with the other O, then the central atom makes 4 bonds and has no lone pairs, the shape is tetrahedral.
In the ion H₃O⁺, the central atom O has 6 electrons in its valence shell and needs 2 electrons to be stable. The hydrogen has 1 electron, and need 1 more to be stable. The hydrogens share 1 pair of electrons with the oxygen, then it remains 3 electrons at the central atom, and the VSPER theory states that the shape will be a trigonal pyramidal.
In the AsF₅, the central atom As has 5 valence electrons, and F has 1 electron in its valence shell, so each F shares one pair of electrons with As, and there are no lone pairs in the central atom. For 5 bonds without lone pairs, the shape is trigonal bipyramidal.
Unbalanced it should be 2Zn+2Hcl=2ZnCl2+H2
Answer:
Potential energy
Explanation:
The thrown baseball is converting from kinetic energy into potential energy. When it finally stops at a particular height, it attains its maximum potential energy at the position or point.
- Potential energy is the energy at rest of body.
- Kinetic energy is the energy due to the motion of body.
The more a body speeds, the higher its kinetic energy attained.
As a body comes to rest, at a height, it attains potential energy.
The body during flight decreases in kinetic energy but increases its potential energy due to gravity pulling it to rest.
Mass of methanol (CH3OH) = 1.922 g
Change in Temperature (t) = 4.20°C
Heat capacity of the bomb plus water = 10.4 KJ/oC
The heat absorbed by the bomb and water is equal to the product of the heat capacity and the temperature change.
Let’s assume that no heat is lost to the surroundings. First, let’s calculate the heat changes in the calorimeter. This is calculated using the formula shown below:
qcal = Ccalt
Where, qcal = heat of reaction
Ccal = heat capacity of calorimeter
t = change in temperature of the sample
Now, let’s calculate qcal:
qcal = (10.4 kJ/°C)(4.20°C)
= 43.68 kJ
Always qsys = qcal + qrxn = 0,
qrxn = -43.68 kJ
The heat change of the reaction is - 43.68 kJ which is the heat released by the combustion of 1.922 g of CH3OH. Therefore, the conversion factor is:
In normal conditions, warm water does "pile up" in the" Western Pacific Ocean.
