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The longest chain of carbons will contain the highest number of carbon atoms.
Explanation:
question 3 - the longest chain have 7 carbon atoms
question 4 - the longest chain have 8 carbon atoms
question 1 - the longest chain have 5 carbon atoms
You may find in the attached picture the longest chain colored in blue for each of the compounds.
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longest carbon chain
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1. ₉¹⁹F
2. Mg(OH)₂
3. 2H₂ + O₂ ⇒ 2H₂O
<h3>Further explanation</h3>1. Fluorine, atomic number : 9 , mass number = 19
Symbol : ₉¹⁹F
protons=electrons=atomic number = 9
neutrons = mass number - atomic mass
Configuration : [He] 2s² 2p⁵
2. Magnesium hydroxide is an ionic compound and is a strong base consisting of 2 ions:
Positive ion: Magnesium: Mg²⁺
negative ion: Hydroxide: OH⁻
The charges of the two are crossed, so that the compound becomes:
Mg(OH)₂
3. Reaction :
H₂ + O₂ --------> H₂O
give coefficient :
aH₂ + bO₂ --------> H₂O
H, left = 2a, right 2⇒2a=2⇒a=1
O, left = 2b, right 1⇒2b=1⇒b=0.5
Reaction becomes :
H₂ + 0.5O₂ --------> H₂O x 2
2H₂ + O₂ --------> 2H₂O