4.
4^3 = 64
64X64 = 4096
4^6 = 4096
You have to choose 1 sort of cheese from 3 ( 3 ways ). Also you have to choose 3 toppings from 12 different toppings:
12 * 11 * 10 = 1,320 ways.
In total: 3 * 1,320 = 3,960
Answer:
In 3,690 ways can pizza be made with 1 cheese and 3 toppings.
So you just need to use the crocodile signs < or >
As j is less than 113 we put j on the smaller side and 113 on the bigger side to make:
j<113
4(d-1), if you expand it gets 4d-4.