Answer:
The MATLAB Code for this PI Controller will be:
Kp = 350;
Ki = 300;
Kd = 50;
C = pid(Kp,Ki,Kd)
T = feedback(C*P,1);
t = 0:0.01:2;
step(T,t)
Explanation:
When you are designing a PID controller for a given system, follow the steps shown below to obtain a desired response.
Obtain an open-loop response and determine what needs to be improved
Add a proportional control to improve the rise time
Add a derivative control to reduce the overshoot
Add an integral control to reduce the steady-state error
Adjust each of the gains $K_p$, $K_i$, and $K_d$ until you obtain a desired overall response.
The further explanation is attached in the Word File.
Answer:
- the capacity of the pump reduces by 35%.
- the head gets reduced by 57%.
the power consumption by the pump is reduced by 72%
Explanation:
the pump capacity is related to the speed as speed is reduces by 35%
so new speed is (100 - 35) = 65% of orginal speed
speed Q ∝ N ⇒ Q1/Q2 = N1/N2
Q2 = (N2/N1)Q1
Q2 = (65/100)Q1
which means that the capacity of the pump is also reduces by 35%.
the head in a pump is related by
H ∝ N² ⇒ H1/H2 = N1²/N2²
H2 = (N2N1)²H1
H2 = (65/100)²H1 = 0.4225H1
so the head gets reduced by 1 - 0.4225 = 0.5775 which is 57%.
Now The power requirement of a pump is related as
P ∝ N³ ⇒ P1/P2 = N1³/N2³
P2 = (N2/N1)³P1
H2 = (65/100)²P1 = 0.274P1
So the reduction in power is 1 - 0.274 = 0.725 which is 72%
Therefore for a reduction of 35% of speed there is a reduction of 72% of the power consumption by the pump.
Answer:
Explanation:
Previous concepts
Angular momentum. If we consider a particle of mass m, with velocity v, moving under the influence of a force F. The angular momentum about point O is defined as the “moment” of the particle’s linear momentum, L, about O. And the correct formula is:
Applying Newton’s second law to the right hand side of the above equation, we have that r ×ma = r ×F =
MO, where MO is the moment of the force F about point O. The equation expressing the rate of change of angular momentum is this one:
MO = H˙ O
Principle of Angular Impulse and Momentum
The equation MO = H˙ O gives us the instantaneous relation between the moment and the time rate of change of angular momentum. Imagine now that the force considered acts on a particle between time t1 and time t2. The equation MO = H˙ O can then be integrated in time to obtain this:
Solution to the problem
For this case we can use the principle of angular impulse and momentum that states "The mass moment of inertia of a gear about its mass center is 
".
If we analyze the staritning point we see that the initial velocity can be founded like this:
And if we look the figure attached we can use the point A as a reference to calculate the angular impulse and momentum equation, like this:
](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=0%2B%5Csum%20%5Cint_%7B0%7D%5E%7B4%7D%2020t%20%280.15m%29%20dt%20%3D0.46875%20%5Comega%20%2B%2030kg%5B%5Comega%280.15m%29%5D%280.15m%29)
And if we integrate the left part and we simplify the right part we have
And if we solve for 
we got:
Answer:
Metals have high melting points thus unlikely to degrade when temperatures increase, they can be fabricated and are cost effective due to availability.
Explanation:
Aluminum is the most abundant in the Earth's crust with good thermal and electric properties. It is soft, malleable ,ductile and lighter making it a vital metal in construction industry. An alloy of copper and tin, bronze is a better connector of heat and electricity ,commonly used in automobile industry for bearings and springs production. Steel a carbon alloy has applications in forging and automotive.
