The term "valence electrons" refers to all of the electrons in an atom's outermost shell.
The centre of the atom is where the nucleus is. The nucleus contains protons and neutrons. The electrons travel in a specific circular direction and at a specific distance from the nucleus.
The atom's final shell's electrons take part in chemical reactions and the production of bonds. Both ionic and covalent bonding involve valence electrons. Metals are elements with one, two, or three electrons in their final shell.
These substances become positive ions after losing their electrons. Non-metals are substances with 5, 6, or 7 electrons in the outermost shell. These substances all gain electrons and change into negative ions.
Ionic bonds are those created by the transfer of electrons between metals and non-metals. For instance, ionic bonding allows sodium and chlorine to interact to generate sodium chloride.
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Answer:

Explanation:
In a single-displacement reaction, one element exchanges partners with another element in a compound.

This is a single-displacement reaction, because the element Fe exchanges partners with H in HCl.

This is not a single-displacement reaction, because it is a reaction between two compounds.
This is a double displacement reaction in which the K⁺ and H⁺ cations change partners with the anions.

This is not a single-displacement reaction. It is another double displacement reaction, in which the Na⁺ and H⁺ cations change partners with the anions.

This is a single-displacement reaction, because the element Ca exchanges partners with H in H₂O.
are not single-displacement reactions.
Answer:
Temporary hardness is a type of water hardness caused by the presence of dissolved bicarbonate minerals (calcium bicarbonate and magnesium bicarbonate). ... However, unlike the permanent hardness caused by sulfate and chloride compounds, this "temporary" hardness can be reduced by boiling the water.
It will benefit the flower because it will always get Polonated but it can be bad for the bees because if the flower dies so will the bees