1. Ideal Mechanical Advantage (IMA): 9
Explanation:
For a wheel and axle system like the steering wheel, the IMA is given by:
where
is the radius of the wheel
is the radius of the axle
For the steering wheel of the problem, we see that and
, so the IMA is
2. Efficiency: 88.9%
Explanation:
The efficiency of a system is defined as the ratio between the AMA (actual mechanical advantage) and the IMA:
In this problem, AMA=8 and IMA=9, so the efficiency is
Answer:
Explanation:
A mass of 700 kg will exert a force of
700 x 9.8
= 6860 N.
Amount of compression x = 4 cm
= 4 x 10⁻² m
Force constant K = force of compression / compression
= 6860 / 4 x 10⁻²
= 1715 x 10² Nm⁻¹.
Let us take compression of r at any moment
Restoring force by spring
= k r
Force required to compress = kr
Let it is compressed by small length dr during which force will remain constant.
Work done
dW = Force x displacement
= -kr -dr
= kr dr
Work done to compress by length d
for it r ranges from 0 to -d
Integrating on both sides
W =
= [ kr²/2]₀^-4
= 1/2 kX16X10⁻⁴
= .5 x 1715 x 10² x 16 x 10⁻⁴
= 137.20 J