Lowery-Bronsted theory is applied here. Acc. to this theory Base accepts protons and Acids donate proton.
Part 1:
Aniline is less basic than ethylamine because the lone pair on nitrogen (which accepts proton) is not localized. It resonates throughout the conjugated system of phenyl ring. Hence due to unavailability of electrons for accepting proton it is less basic compare to ethylamine. In ethyl amine the lone pair of electron is localized and available to abstract proton.
Part 2:
In this case the alkyl groups attached to -NH₂ (in ethylamine) and -O⁻ (in ethoxide are same (i.e. CH₃-CH₂-). Ethoxide is more basic than ethylamine because ethoxide is a conjugate base of ethanol (pKa value of ethanol = 15.9 very weak acid) and the conjugate base of weak acid is always a strong base. Secondly, the oxygen atom more Electronegative than Nitrogen atom can attract more electron cloud from alkyl group as compared to Nitrogen in ethylamine. Hence, oxygen in ethoxide attains greater electron cloud than the nitrogen in ethylamine. Therefore, it is more basic than ethylamine.
Answer:
Disagree.
Explanation:
Nothing would remain. Everything on Earth is made up of atoms. The chair consists of only atoms. So, if you remove all of the atoms, nothing would be left! Hope this helps.
Answer:
B. the resonance hybrid of all structures
Explanation:
The idea of resonance is used to explain bonding in compounds where a single structure does not fully account for all the bonding interactions in a molecule.
A number of equivalent structures are then used to show the nature of bonding in such a molecule. Such structures are called resonance structures or canonical structures. None of these structures individually offer a holistic explanation to the bonding interactions in the molecule under study.
However, a hybrid of all the canonical structures does explain the nature of bonding in the molecule.
A covalent bond is formed between H and Br
The structure of HBr is as follows
H —Br
Formal charge for atoms are the charges for individual atoms in compounds.
Formal charge can be calculated as follows ;
Formal charge of atom = number of valence electrons -( number of bonds + number of lone pair electrons)
H has 1 valence electron, 1 bond and 0 number of lone pair electrons
Formal charge of H = 1 -1 -0 = 0
H has 0 charge