How might the information on melting point, boiling point, and flammability be useful to materials scientists

1 answer:

8 0

Pure, crystalline solids have a characteristic melting point, the temperature at which the solid melts to become a liquid. The transition between the solid and the liquid is so sharp for small samples of a pure substance that melting points can be measured to 0.1oC. The melting point of solid oxygen, for example, is -218.4oC.

Liquids have a characteristic temperature at which they turn into solids, known as their freezing point. In theory, the melting point of a solid should be the same as the freezing point of the liquid. In practice, small differences between these quantities can be observed.

It is difficult, if not impossible, to heat a solid above its melting point because the heat that enters the solid at its melting point is used to convert the solid into a liquid. It is possible, however, to cool some liquids to temperatures below their freezing points without forming a solid. When this is done, the liquid is said to be supercooled.

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Answer:

Decreasing temperature.

Explanation:

Le Châtelier's principle states that when there is an dynamic equilibrium, and this equilibrium is disturbed by an external factor, the equilibrium will be shifted in the direction that can cancel the effect of the external factor to reattain the equilibrium.
The choices here:

1) Decreasing concentration of SO₂,

The concentration of SO₂ decreases, so the reaction will be shifted to the left direction to suppress the decrease in SO₂ concentration.

2) Decreasing temperature,

ΔH= – 98.8 kJ/mol, the negative sign means that the reaction is exothermic and release the heat.

If the temperature decreased, this means that the products decrease, so the reaction will shift to the right to suppress the decrease in temperature.

It is the right choice.

3) Increasing concentration of SO₃:

Increasing concentration of SO₃ will shift the reaction to the left to suppress the effect of increasing the concentration of SO₃.

4) Increasing volume:

Increasing the volume will decrease the pressure.

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So, the right choice is: Decreasing temperature.

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