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IgorLugansk [536]
2 years ago
9

A chemist adds a sample of an ideal gas to a balloon and measures its volume. The chemist removes some of the gas from the ballo

on and measures its volume again. If the chemist removes 21% of the gas from the balloon, and the pressure and temperature of the gas do not change, what happens to the volume of the balloon?
Chemistry
1 answer:
meriva2 years ago
8 0

Answer:

The volume of the gas decreases also in a 21% based on the Avogadro's law

Explanation:

Based on Avogadro's law, the volume of a gas is directely proportional to the amount of moles of gas when temperature and pressure remain constants.

The formula is:

V1 / n1 = V2 / n2

<em>Where V is volume and n are moles in 1, initial state and 2, final state of the gas.</em>

<em />

At beginning, V1 = 100%, n1 = 100%,

As the chemist removes 21% of the gas, 79% of moles remain = n2.

Replacing:

100% / 100% = V2 / 79%

V2 = 79%, that means:

<h3>The volume of the gas decreases also in a 21% based on the Avogadro's law</h3>
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Answer : The value of \Delta G_{rxn} is, 8.867kJ/mole

Explanation :

The formula used for \Delta G_{rxn} is:

\Delta G_{rxn}=\Delta G^o+RT\ln Q   ............(1)

where,

\Delta G_{rxn} = Gibbs free energy for the reaction

\Delta G_^o =  standard Gibbs free energy

R = gas constant = 8.314 J/mole.K

T = temperature = 25^oC=273+25=298K

Q = reaction quotient

First we have to calculate the \Delta G_^o.

Formula used :

\Delta G^o=-RT\times \ln K_p

Now put all the given values in this formula, we get:

\Delta G^o=-(8.314J/mole.K)\times (298K)\times \ln (2.26\times 10^{4})

\Delta G^o=-24839.406J/mole=-24.83\times 10^3J/mole=-24.83kJ/mole

Now we have to calculate the value of 'Q'.

The given balanced chemical reaction is,

CO(g)+2H_2(g)\rightarrow CH_3OH(g)

The expression for reaction quotient will be :

Q=\frac{(p_{CH_3OH})}{(p_{CO})\times (p_{H_2})^2}

In this expression, only gaseous or aqueous states are includes and pure liquid or solid states are omitted.

Now put all the given values in this expression, we get

Q=\frac{(1.4)}{(1.2\times 10^{-2})\times (1.2\times 10^{-2})^2}

Q=8.1\times 10^{5}

Now we have to calculate the value of \Delta G_{rxn} by using relation (1).

\Delta G_{rxn}=\Delta G^o+RT\ln Q

Now put all the given values in this formula, we get:

\Delta G_{rxn}=-24.83kJ/mole+(8.314\times 10^{-3}kJ/mole.K)\times (298K)\ln (8.1\times 10^{5})

\Delta G_{rxn}=8.867\times 10^3J/mole=8.867kJ/mole

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Ions of an element (elements with different charges) contain different numbers of what
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Answer:

an ion is an element that has different numbers of protons and electrons

Explanation:

An ion is positive when it has more protons than electrons and negative when it has more electrons than ions.

(Hope this was helpful!) :)

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Answer:

a)

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b)

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A)

Remember that positive number superscripts mean electrons lack and negative numbers mean electrons 'excess' (if we compare it with the neutral element). So, for the case of Fe2+ which is converted to Fe3+, we know that in Fe2+ there is a two electrons lack, while in Fe3+ there is a 3 electrons lack; it means that Fe2+ was converted to Fe3+ but releasing one electron:

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b)

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