In Simons and Chabris’s (1999) experiment, participants are focused on a challengingperceptual task, counting the white team’s basketball passes while ignoring the black team’s basketball passes. Because of the challenging nature of the task:
A. Inattentional blindness is more likely to occur
B. Attentional capture of irrelevant stimuli is more likely to occur
C. Attention shift capacity is less likely to occur
D. The spotlight model of attention is needed to explain the data
Answer:
A. Inattentional blindness is more likely to occur
Explanation:
Inattentional blindness often referred to as Perceptual blindness is a term in psychology which describes the failure of an individual or observer to notice or perceive a fully visible but unexpected object, due to the attention being given or channeled to another task at that moment.
This is a phenomenon that was first coined by Irvin Rock and Arien Mack, in 1992, both are psychologists.
The most common experiments demonstrating inattentional blindness is the "invisible gorilla test" carried out by Christopher Chabris, Ph.D. and Daniel Simons, Ph.D.
Jason is arguing that the job of college professors needs a pay raise to attract smart and capable individuals due to how important the creation of knowledge and production of culture is to society.
The correct answer is "prototype". In the prototype theory a category is defined as the element that is the best fit of it, or the element that first come to mind when the category is mentioned. For example, the category "mammals" could be defined by a chimp instead of a bat (since a bat is the only mammal that can fly and is not the best fit of the category). Another example can be the category "furniture" which could be defined by a chair instead of a stool, since a chair is the first that comes to mind for most people when furniture is mentioned.
