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1. increase the area of the plates
4. decrease the separation between the plates
5. insert a dielectric between the plates
Explanation:
The energy stored in a capacitor is given by
where
C is the capacitance
V is the potential difference across the capacitor
For a parallel-plate capacitor, the capacitance is given by
where
k is the dielectric constant of the material
is the vacuum permittivity
A is the area of the plates of the capacitor
d is the separation between the plates
So we can rewrite the energy stored in the capacitor as
Here the potential difference is kept constant, so the energy depends only on the dielectric constant of the medium, the area and on the distance between the plates. In particular:
- The energy is directly proportional to the area, so as the area increases, the energy will increase
- The energy is inversely proportional to the distance, so as the distance decreases, the energy will increase
- The energy increases if the value of k increases (that is, if a dielectric is put between the plates)
It follows that the correct options to increase the energy are:
1. increase the area of the plates
4. decrease the separation between the plates
5. insert a dielectric between the plates
Learn more about capacitors:
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