Let F1=Force exerted by the brother (+F1)
F1= Force exerted by the sister (-F2)
Fnet=(+F1) + (-F2)
Fnet= (+F1) + (-F2)
Fnet=F1 - F2
Fnet= (+3N)+(-5N)
Fnet= -2N
-F
towards the sister (-F) (greater force applied)
(a) The pitcher must throw the ball at 27.7 m/s
The momentum of an object is given by:

where
m is the mass of the object
v is the object's velocity
Let's calculate the momentum of the bullet, which has a mass of
m = 2.70 g = 0.0027 kg
and a velocity of

Its momentum is:

The pitcher must throw the baseball with this same momentum. The mass of the ball is
m = 0.146 kg
So the velocity of the ball must be

So, the pitcher must throw the ball at 27.7 m/s.
(b) a. The bullet has greater kinetic energy
The kinetic energy of an object is given by

where m is the mass of the object and v is its speed.
For the bullet, we have:

For the ball:

So, the bullet has greater kinetic energy.
The given question is incomplete. The complete question is as follows.
In a nuclear physics experiment, a proton (mass
kg, charge +e =
C) is fired directly at a target nucleus of unknown charge. (You can treat both objects as point charges, and assume that the nucleus remains at rest.) When it is far from its target, the proton has speed
m/s. The proton comes momentarily to rest at a distance
m from the center of the target nucleus, then flies back in the direction from which it came. What is the electric potential energy of the proton and nucleus when they are
m apart?
Explanation:
The given data is as follows.
Mass of proton =
kg
Charge of proton = 
Speed of proton = 
Distance traveled = 
We will calculate the electric potential energy of the proton and the nucleus by conservation of energy as follows.
=

where, 
U = 
Putting the given values into the above formula as follows.
U = 
= 
= 
Therefore, we can conclude that the electric potential energy of the proton and nucleus is
.
Scientists work with life and psyical and engineers are think they make
The answer is
A) 1.3 x 10-7