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Sonbull [250]
3 years ago
5

12. How many moles of atoms are present in 154 g of Na2O?

Chemistry
1 answer:
tia_tia [17]3 years ago
6 0

Answer:

\boxed {\boxed {\sf A. \ 2.48 \ mol \ Na_2O}}

Explanation:

We are asked to convert an amount in grams to moles. To do this, we use the molar mass. This is the number of grams in one mole of a substance. It is the same value numerically as the atomic mass on the Periodic Table, however the units are grams per mole, not atomic mass units.

Look up the molar masses for the individual elements.

  • Sodium (Na): 22.9897693 g/mol
  • Oxygen (O): 15.999 g/mol

Look back at the formula: Na₂O. Notice there is a subscript of 2 after sodium. This means there are 2 atoms of sodium in every molecule, so we have to multiply sodium's molar mass by 2 before adding oxygen's.

  • Na₂O: 2(22.9897693 g/mol)+ 15.999 g/mol = 61.9785386 g/mol

Set up a ratio using the molar mass.

\frac {61.9785386 \ g \ Na_2O}{1 \ mol \ Na_2O}

Multiply by the given number of grams.

154 \ g \ Na_2O*\frac {61.9785386 \ g \ Na_2O}{1 \ mol \ Na_2O}

Flip the ratio so the grams of sodium oxide can cancel each other out.

154 \ g \ Na_2O*\frac {1  \ mol \ Na_2O}{61.9785386 \ g \ Na_2O}

154 *\frac {1  \ mol \ Na_2O}{61.9785386 }

\frac {154}{61.9785386 }  \ mol \ Na_2O

2.48473106141 \ mol \ Na_2O

The original measurement of grams given has 3 significant figures, so our answer must have the same. For the number we calculated, that is the hundredth place.

  • 2.48<u>4</u>73106141

The 4 in the thousandth place tells us to leave the 8.

2.48 \ mol \ Na_2O

There are <u>2.48 moles of sodium oxide</u> in 154 grams, so choice A is correct.

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A solution is prepared by mixing 25.0 g H2O and 25.0 g C2H5OH. Determine the mole fractions of each substance.
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Answer:

Mole fraction H₂O → 0.72

Mole fraction C₂H₅OH → 0.28

Explanation:

By the mass of the two elements in the solution, we determine the moles of each:

25 g . 1 mol/ 18g = 1.39 moles of water (solute)

25 g . 1 mol / 46 g = 0.543 moles of ethanol (solvent)

Mole fraction solute = Moles of solute / Total moles

Mole fraction solvent = Moles of solvent / Total moles

Total moles = Moles of solute + Moles of solvent

1.39 moles of solute + 0.543 moles of solvent = 1.933 moles → Total moles

Mole fraction H₂O = 1.39 / 1.933 → 0.72

Mole fraction C₂H₅OH= 0.543 / 1.933 → 0.28

Remember that sum of mole fractions = 1

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How many moles of Al would be produced from 20 moles of Al2O3?<br> 2Al2O3<br> -&gt;<br> 4A1 + 302
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<h3>Answer:</h3>

\displaystyle 40 \ mol \ Al

<h3>General Formulas and Concepts:</h3>

<u>Math</u>

<u>Pre-Algebra</u>

Order of Operations: BPEMDAS

  1. Brackets
  2. Parenthesis
  3. Exponents
  4. Multiplication
  5. Division
  6. Addition
  7. Subtraction
  • Left to Right<u> </u>

<u>Chemistry</u>

<u>Stoichiometry</u>

  • Using Dimensional Analysis
<h3>Explanation:</h3>

<u>Step 1: Define</u>

[RxN - Balanced] 2Al₂O₃ → 4Al + 3O₂

[Given] 20 mol Al₂O₃

<u>Step 2: Identify Conversions</u>

[RxN] 2 mol Al₂O₃ → 4 mol Al

<u>Step 3: Stoich</u>

  1. [DA] Set up:                                                                                                     \displaystyle 20 \ mol \ Al_2O_3(\frac{4 \ mol \ Al}{2 \ mol \ Al_2O_3})
  2. [DA] Multiply/Divide [Cancel out units]:                                                         \displaystyle 40 \ mol \ Al

<u>Step 4:Check</u>

<em>Follow sig fig rules and round. We are given 1 sig fig.</em>

Since our final answer already has 1 sig fig, there is no need to round.

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where pOH is the measure of basicity of a solution, given by -log[OH-]

As a solution gets more basic that is higher [OH-], the pH increases, and on the other hand, as the pH of a solution decreases by one pH unit, the concentration of H+ increases by ten times.

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