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timofeeve [1]
3 years ago
8

Suggest a possible mechanism for the acid catalyzed reaction of a typical ketohexose to give 5-hydroxymethylfurfural.

Chemistry
1 answer:
Brut [27]3 years ago
3 0

Answer:

See explanation

Explanation:

Taking the acid catalysed hydrolysis of fructose C6H12O6, the mechanism begins with the protonation of an -OH group as shown.

This is now followed by dehydration and formation of a keto-enol tautomer. The keto form is now dehydrated followed by the protonation of a second -OH group.

A second dehydration followed by deprotonation leads to the formation of  5-hydroxymethylfurfural.

Image credit: SciElo

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Colligative properties depend upon the ____. Select one: a. nature of the solute b. nature of the solvent c. number of solute pa
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The sun's inner core is the hottest part of the sun<br><br> true or false
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A sample of N2O3(g) has a pressure of 0.046 atm . The temperature (in K) is then doubled and the N2O3 undergoes complete decompo
iogann1982 [59]

Answer:

0.184 atm

Explanation:

The ideal gas equation is:

PV = nRT

Where<em> P</em> is the pressure, <em>V</em> is the volume, <em>n</em> is the number of moles, <em>R</em> the constant of the gases, and <em>T</em> the temperature.

So, the sample of N₂O₃ will only have its temperature doubled, with the same volume and the same number of moles. Temperature and pressure are directly related, so if one increases the other also increases, then the pressure must double to 0.092 atm.

The decomposition occurs:

N₂O₃(g) ⇄ NO₂(g) + NO(g)

So, 1 mol of N₂O₃ will produce 2 moles of the products (1 of each), the <em>n </em>will double. The volume and the temperature are now constants, and the pressure is directly proportional to the number of moles, so the pressure will double to 0.184 atm.

5 0
3 years ago
What is a product for 4 reaction type?
Crank

Answer:

1= 2H₂ + O₂ → 2H₂O

2=CaCo₃ + heat → CaO +CO₂

3=CH₄ + 2O₂   → CO₂ +2H₂O

4=HCl + NaOH   → NaCl + H₂O

Explanation:

1 = Simple composition

The formation of water molecule is simple composition reaction. In this reaction two hydrogen atoms react with one oxygen atom and form one water molecules.

2H₂ + O₂ → 2H₂O

The amount of energy released is -285.83 KJ/mol. It is exothermic reaction.

2 = Simple decomposition reaction:

The break down of sodium hydrogen carbonate into sodium carbonate, carbondioxide and water is decomposition reaction. The decomposition reactions re mostly endothermic, because compound required energy to break.

2NaHCO₃ + heat → Na₂CO₃ + H₂O + CO₂

It is endothermic reaction.

Another example is:

CaCo₃ + heat → CaO +CO₂

3 = Combustion reaction

Consider the combustion of methane:

CH₄ + 2O₂   → CO₂ +2H₂O

The burning of methane is exothermic. The combustion reactions are exothermic because when fuel are burns they gives energy.

4 = Neutralization reaction

The neutralization reactions are those in which acid and base react to form the salt and the water. Some neutralization reactions are exothermic because they release heat. e.g

Consider the neutralization reaction of HCl and NaOH.

HCl + NaOH   → NaCl + H₂O

6 0
3 years ago
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