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Vedmedyk [2.9K]
3 years ago
14

Which of these physical concepts is most important in civil engineering?

Engineering
1 answer:
mezya [45]3 years ago
3 0

Answer:

Option A (energy transformations) is the correct solution.

Explanation:

  • Energy has become a local matter that has been primarily described as the commitment to deal as well as to generate heat. There are several other power sources, which can either be transferred or transformed to several other renewable technologies.  
  • This same fundamental law defined that the energy required including its universe has been corrected and therefore that energy is being generated as well as severely damaged but should only be moved from one location to the next.

Those certain possibilities are not connected to the circumstance in question. And therefore this answer seems to be the correct one.

You might be interested in
Oil with a density of 850 kg/m3 and kinematic viscosity of 0.00062 m2/s is being discharged by an 8-mm-diameter, 42-m-long horiz
sladkih [1.3K]

Answer:

The flow rate of oil through the pipe is 1.513E-7 m³/s.

Explanation:

Given

Density, ρ = 850 kg/m³

Kinematic viscosity, v = 0.00062 m²/s

Diameter, d = 8-mm = 0.008m

Length of horizontal pipe, L = 42-m

Height, h = 4-m.

We'll solve the flow rate of oil through the pipe by using Hagen-Poiseuille equation.

This is given as

∆P = (128μLQ)/πD⁴

Where ∆P = Rate of change of pressure

μ = Dynamic Viscosity

Q = Flow rate of oil through the pipe.

First, we need to determine the dynamic viscosity and the rate of change in pressure

Dynamic Viscosity, μ = Density (ρ) * Kinematic viscosity (v)

μ = 850 kg/m³ * 0.00062 m²/s

μ = 0.527kg/ms

Then, we calculate the rate of change of pressure.

Assuming that the velocity through the pipe is so small;

∆P = Pressure at the bottom of the tank

∆P = Density (ρ) * Acceleration of gravity (g) * Height (h)

Taking g = 9.8m/s²

∆P = 850kg/m³ x 9.8m/s² x 4m

∆P = 33320N/m²

Recall that Hagen-Poiseuille equation.

∆P = (128μLQ)/πD⁴ --- Make Q the subject of formula

Q = (πD⁴P)/(128μL)

By substituton;

Q = (π * 0.008⁴ * 33320)/(128 * 0.527 * 42)

Q = 0.00000015133693643099

Q = 1.513E-7 m³/s.

Hence, the flow rate of oil through the pipe is 1.513E-7 m³/s.

8 0
2 years ago
Which step in the engineering design phase is requiring concussion prevention from blows up to 40 mph an example of?
Charra [1.4K]

Answer:

Target your customers

Explanation:

took the test :)

6 0
2 years ago
A 600-MW steam power plant, which is cooled by a nearby river, has a thermal efficiency of 54 percent. Determine the rate of hea
Gennadij [26K]

Answer:

\dot Q _{L} = 511.111 MW. Heat transfer can be higher if themal efficiency is lower.

Explanation:

The heat transfer rate to the river water is calculated by this expression:

\dot Q_{L} = \dot Q_{H} - \dot W

\dot Q_{L} = (\frac{1}{\eta_{th}}-1 )\cdot \dot W\\\dot Q_{L} = (\frac{1}{0.54}-1)\cdot (600 MW)\\\dot Q _{L} = 511.111 MW

The actual heat transfer can be higher if the steam power plant reports an thermal efficiency lower than expected.

8 0
3 years ago
A gasoline engine has a piston/cylinder with 0.1 kg air at 4 MPa, 1527◦C after combustion, and this is expanded in a polytropic
Roman55 [17]

Answer:

The expansion work is 71.24 kJ and heat transfer is -16.89 kJ

Explanation:

From ideal gas law,

Initial volume (V1) = nRT/P

n is the number of moles of air in the cylinder = mass/MW = 0.1/29 = 0.00345 kgmol

R is gas constant = 8314.34 J/kgmol.K

T is initial temperature = 1527 °C = 1527+273 = 1800 K

P is initial pressure = 4 MPa = 4×10^6 Pa

V1 = 0.00345×8314.34×1800/(4×10^6) = 0.013 m^3

V2 = 10×V1 = 10×0.013 = 0.13 m^3

The process is a polytropic expansion process

polytropic exponent (n) = 1.5

P2 = P1(V1/V2)^n = 4×10^6(0.013/0.13)^1.5 = 1.26×10^5 Pa

Expansion work = (P1V1 - P2V2) ÷ (n - 1) = (4×10^6 × 0.013 - 1.26×10^5 × 0.13) ÷ (1.5 - 1) = 35620 ÷ 0.5 = 71240 J = 71240/1000 = 71.24 kJ

Heat transfer = change in internal energy + expansion work

change in internal energy (∆U) = Cv(T2 - T1)

T2 = PV/nR = 1.26×10^5 × 0.13/0.00345×8314.34 = 571 K

Cv = 20.785 kJ/kgmol.K

∆U = 20.785(571 - 1800) = -25544.765 kJ/kgmol × 0.00345 kgmol = -88.13 kJ

Heat transfer = -88.13 + 71.24 = -16.89 kJ

5 0
3 years ago
Firefighters are holding a nozzle at the end of a hose while trying to extinguish a fire. The nozzle exit diameter is 8 cm, and
ivanzaharov [21]

Question

Determine the average water exit velocity

Answer:

53.05 m/s

Explanation:

Given information

Volume flow rate, Q=16 m^{3}/min

Diameter d= 8cm= 0.08 m

Assumptions

  • The flow is jet flow hence momentum-flux correction factor is unity
  • Gravitational force is not considered
  • The flow is steady, frictionless and incompressible
  • Water is discharged to the atmosphere hence pressure is ignored

We know that Q=AV and making v the subject then

V=\frac {Q}{A} where V is the exit velocity and A is area

Area, A=\frac {\pi d^{2}{4} where d is the diameter

By substitution

V=\frac {16\times 4}{\pi 0.08^{2}}=3183.098862 m/min

To convert v to m/s from m/s, we simply divide it by 60 hence

V=\frac {3183.098862  m/min}{60 s}=53.0516477 m/s\approx 53.05 m/s

3 0
2 years ago
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