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expeople1 [14]
3 years ago
11

Un móvil se mueve con movimiento acelerado. En los segundo 2 y 3 los espacios recorridos son 90 y 120 m, Calcula la velocidad in

icial y su aceleración
Chemistry
1 answer:
faust18 [17]3 years ago
3 0

Answer:

La velocidad inicial es 55 \frac{m}{s}y su aceleración es -10 \frac{m}{s^{2} }

Explanation:

Un movimiento es rectilíneo uniformemente variado, cuando la trayectoria del móvil es una línea recta y su velocidad  varia la misma cantidad en cada unidad de tiempo . Dicho de otra manera, este movimiento se caracteriza por una trayectoria que es una línea recta y la velocidad cambia su módulo de manera uniforme: aumenta o disminuye en la misma cantidad por cada unidad de tiempo. Y la aceleración es constante y no nula (diferente de cero).

En este caso la posición del objeto esta dada por la expresión:

x=x0+v0*t+\frac{1}{2} *a*t^{2}

donde x es la posición del cuerpo en un instante dado, x0 la posición en el instante inicial, v0 la velocidad inicial y a la aceleración.

En este caso, por un lado podes considerar:

  • x= 90 m
  • x0= 0 m
  • v0= ?
  • t= 2
  • a= ?

Reemplazando obtenes:

90=v0*2+\frac{1}{2} *a*2^{2}

90=v0*2+\frac{1}{2} *a*4

90=v0*2+2*a

Y por otro lado tenes:

  • x= 120 m
  • x0= 0
  • v0= ?
  • t= 3
  • a= ?

Reemplazando obtenes:

120=v0*3+\frac{1}{2} *a*3^{2}

120=v0*3+\frac{1}{2} *a*9

120=v0*3+\frac{9}{2} *a

Por lo que tenes el siguiente sistema de ecuaciones:

\left \{ {{2*v0+2*a=90} \atop {3*v0+\frac{9}{2} *a=120}} \right.

Resolviendo por el método de sustitución, que consiste en aislar en una ecuación una de las dos incógnitas para sustituirla en la otra ecuación, obtenes:

Despejando v0 de la primera ecuación:

v0= \frac{90-2*a}{2}

Reemplazando en la segunda ecuación:

120=\frac{90-2*a}{2} *3+\frac{9}{2} *a

Resolviendo:

120=(90-2*a)*\frac{3}{2} +\frac{9}{2} *a

120=135-3*a +\frac{9}{2} *a

120-135=-3*a +\frac{9}{2} *a

-15=\frac{3}{2} *a

\frac{-15}{\frac{3}{2} } =a

-10=a

Reemplazando el valor de a en la expresión despejada anteriormente obtenes:

v0= \frac{90-2*(-10)}{2}

Resolviendo:

v0= \frac{90+20}{2}

v0= \frac{110}{2}

v0=55

<u><em>La velocidad inicial es 55 </em></u>\frac{m}{s}<u><em>y su aceleración es -10 </em></u>\frac{m}{s^{2} }<u><em></em></u>

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Explanation:

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Between heat and temperature there is a direct proportional relationship. The constant of proportionality depends on the substance that constitutes the body and its mass, and is the product of the specific heat and the mass of the body. So, the equation that allows to calculate heat exchanges is:

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In this case:

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Q= 32 g* 4.184 \frac{J}{g*C} *14 °C

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Q= 1,874.432 J

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