An hourglass consists of two sets of congruent composite figures on either end. Each composite figure is made up of a cone and a
cylinder, as shown below:
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Each cone of the hourglass has a height of 18 millimeters. The total height of the sand within the top portion of the hourglass is 54 millimeters. The radius of both cylinder and cone is 8 millimeters. Sand drips from the top of the hourglass to the bottom at a rate of 10π cubic millimeters per second. How many seconds will it take until all of the sand has dripped to the bottom of the hourglass?
68.3
38.4
268.8
230.4
© 2011 Jupiterimages Corporation
Each cone of the hourglass has a height of 18 millimeters. The total height of the sand within the top portion of the hourglass is 54 millimeters. The radius of both cylinder and cone is 8 millimeters. Sand drips from the top of the hourglass to the bottom at a rate of 10π cubic millimeters per second. How many seconds will it take until all of the sand has dripped to the bottom of the hourglass?
68.3
38.4
268.8
230.4
2 answers:
Answer: third option 268.8
Explanation:
For this kind of proble it is very important that you attach the figure because it contains important information to understand the question.
I have attached the figure for better understanding.
1) The top portion (and the bottom is congruent but rotated 180°) of the hourglass is a figure equivalent to a cylinder on top and a cone on bottom.
So the total volume contained in the top portion is the volume of a cylinder + the volume of a cone.
This is how you calculate the volume of the top portion:
1) The height of the cylinder is 54 mm - 18 mm = 36 mm
2) The formula for the volume of a cylinder is V = π (radius)^2 * height
radius = 8 mm
height = 36 mm
=> V = π(8mm)^2 * 36 mm = 2304π (mm)^3
3) The formula for the volume of a cone is V = (1/3)π(radius)^2 * height
radius = 8 mm
height = 18 mm
V = (1/3)π(8mm)^2 * 18 mm = 384π (mm)^3
4) The total volume of the top portion is volumen of the cylindrical part + voume of the cone:
Total voluem = 2304π (mm)^3 + 384π (mm)^3 = 2688π (mm)^3
5) To find the number of seconds <span>it take until all of the sand has dripped to the bottom of the hourglass you have to divide the total volumen of sand by the rate:
time in seconds = total volume of sand / rate of dripping
time in seconds = [2688 π (mm)^3 ] / [10π (mm)^3 / s] = 268.8 s
That is the answer: 268.8 s
</span>
Explanation:
For this kind of proble it is very important that you attach the figure because it contains important information to understand the question.
I have attached the figure for better understanding.
1) The top portion (and the bottom is congruent but rotated 180°) of the hourglass is a figure equivalent to a cylinder on top and a cone on bottom.
So the total volume contained in the top portion is the volume of a cylinder + the volume of a cone.
This is how you calculate the volume of the top portion:
1) The height of the cylinder is 54 mm - 18 mm = 36 mm
2) The formula for the volume of a cylinder is V = π (radius)^2 * height
radius = 8 mm
height = 36 mm
=> V = π(8mm)^2 * 36 mm = 2304π (mm)^3
3) The formula for the volume of a cone is V = (1/3)π(radius)^2 * height
radius = 8 mm
height = 18 mm
V = (1/3)π(8mm)^2 * 18 mm = 384π (mm)^3
4) The total volume of the top portion is volumen of the cylindrical part + voume of the cone:
Total voluem = 2304π (mm)^3 + 384π (mm)^3 = 2688π (mm)^3
5) To find the number of seconds <span>it take until all of the sand has dripped to the bottom of the hourglass you have to divide the total volumen of sand by the rate:
time in seconds = total volume of sand / rate of dripping
time in seconds = [2688 π (mm)^3 ] / [10π (mm)^3 / s] = 268.8 s
That is the answer: 268.8 s
</span>
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