The molecules that brings amino acids to the ribosomes are the tRNA molecules.
The Coriolis Effect can be seen in action in the general circulation of the atmosphere. The winds at all latitudes to the north of 0° deflect to the right of their intended path in the Northern Hemisphere. The Coriolis Effect does not impact the wind speed, only the wind direction.
The plant with the root system is called the rootstock And the portion of the plant with the buds is called the scion
If you compare the original DNA with the mutated DNA, the first C got “substituted” by an A after the mutation.
So the answer is (C) substitution.