<u>Answer:</u> The mass of iron (III) chloride produced is 14.81 grams
<u>Explanation:</u>
To calculate the number of moles, we use the equation:
.....(1)
- <u>For iron(III) oxide:</u>
Given mass of iron(III) oxide = 10.0 g
Molar mass of iron(III) oxide = 159.7 g/mol
Putting values in equation 1, we get:
![\text{Moles of iron(III) oxide}=\frac{10.0g}{159.7g/mol}=0.0626mol](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%5Ctext%7BMoles%20of%20iron%28III%29%20oxide%7D%3D%5Cfrac%7B10.0g%7D%7B159.7g%2Fmol%7D%3D0.0626mol)
- <u>For hydrochloric acid:</u>
Given mass of hydrochloric acid = 10.0 g
Molar mass of hydrochloric acid = 36.5 g/mol
Putting values in equation 1, we get:
![\text{Moles of hydrochloric acid}=\frac{10.0g}{36.5g/mol}=0.274mol](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%5Ctext%7BMoles%20of%20hydrochloric%20acid%7D%3D%5Cfrac%7B10.0g%7D%7B36.5g%2Fmol%7D%3D0.274mol)
The chemical equation for the reaction of iron (III) oxide and hydrochloric acid follows:
![Fe_2O_3+6HCl\rightarrow 2FeCl_3+3H_2O](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=Fe_2O_3%2B6HCl%5Crightarrow%202FeCl_3%2B3H_2O)
By Stoichiometry of the reaction:
6 moles of hydrochloric acid reacts with 1 mole of iron (III) oxide
So, 0.274 moles of hydrochloric acid will react with =
of iron (III) oxide
As, given amount of iron (III) oxide is more than the required amount. So, it is considered as an excess reagent.
Thus, hydrochloric acid is considered as a limiting reagent because it limits the formation of product.
By Stoichiometry of the reaction:
6 moles of hydrochloric acid produces 2 moles of iron (III) chloride
So, 0.274 moles of hydrochloric acid will produce =
of iron (III) chloride
Now, calculating the mass of iron (III) chloride from equation 1, we get:
Molar mass of iron (III) chloride = 162.2 g/mol
Moles of iron (III) chloride = 0.0913 moles
Putting values in equation 1, we get:
![0.0913mol=\frac{\text{Mass of iron (III) chloride}}{162.2g/mol}\\\\\text{Mass of iron (III) chloride}=(0.0913mol\times 162.2g/mol)=14.81g](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=0.0913mol%3D%5Cfrac%7B%5Ctext%7BMass%20of%20iron%20%28III%29%20chloride%7D%7D%7B162.2g%2Fmol%7D%5C%5C%5C%5C%5Ctext%7BMass%20of%20iron%20%28III%29%20chloride%7D%3D%280.0913mol%5Ctimes%20162.2g%2Fmol%29%3D14.81g)
Hence, the mass of iron (III) chloride produced is 14.81 grams