How did the temperature change if: at first it's increased by 25% then decreased by 40%
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Answer:
The 95% confidence interval is given by (25.71536 ;28.32464)
And if we need to round we can use the following excel code:
round(lower,2)
[1] 25.72
round(upper,2)
[1] 28.32
And the interval would be (25.72; 28.32)
Step-by-step explanation:
Notation and definitions
n=50 represent the sample size
represent the sample mean
represent the sample standard deviation
m represent the margin of error
Confidence =88% or 0.88
A confidence interval is "a range of values that’s likely to include a population value with a certain degree of confidence. It is often expressed a % whereby a population means lies between an upper and lower interval".
The margin of error is the range of values below and above the sample statistic in a confidence interval.
Normal distribution, is a "probability distribution that is symmetric about the mean, showing that data near the mean are more frequent in occurrence than data far from the mean".
Calculate the critical value tc
In order to find the critical value is important to mention that we don't know about the population standard deviation, so on this case we need to use the t distribution. Since our interval is at 88% of confidence, our significance level would be given by and
. The degrees of freedom are given by:
We can find the critical values in R using the following formulas:
qt(0.06,49)
[1] -1.582366
qt(1-0.06,49)
[1] 1.582366
The critical value
Calculate the margin of error (m)
The margin of error for the sample mean is given by this formula:
With R we can do this:
m=1.582366*(5.83/sqrt(50))
m
[1] 1.304639
Calculate the confidence interval
The interval for the mean is given by this formula:
And calculating the limits we got:
Using R the code is:
lower=27.02-m;lower
[1] 25.71536
upper=27.02+m;upper
[1] 28.32464
The 95% confidence interval is given by (25.71536 ;28.32464)
And if we need to round we can use the following excel code:
round(lower,2)
[1] 25.72
round(upper,2)
[1] 28.32
And the interval would be (25.72; 28.32)