Answer:
Firm should not shut down, as it is able to cover its Average Variable Cost
Explanation:
Perfect Competition firms in Short Run : The firms produce even if their average revenue (price) < their average total costs (AC). They continue production until Average variable cost (AVC) ≥ per unit price (P) i.e average revenue (AR). This is called Shut Down Point. P lower beyond AVC implies that firm won't continue even in short run.
Given : Variable Cost (VC) = 500 ; Revenue (R) = 510
Average Variable Costs & Average Revenue are variable costs & revenue, per unit quantity. AVC = VC / Q ; AR (P) = R / Q
R i.e 510 > VC i.e 500
So, R/ Q i.e AR is also > VC / Q i.e AVC
Since AVC > AR (P), firm should not shut down
Answer:
The amount of dividends paid to common stockholders in 2021 $18000.
Explanation:
The cumulative preferred stock is the stock that accumulates dividends when the dividends are partially or not paid at all in a certain year. The dividends must be paid in the future.
The common stock holders are paid after the preferred stockholders are paid.
The preferred stock dividend per year = 400000 * 0.06 = $24000 per year
As the cash dividends paid in 2019 and 2020 are $20000 each,
The dividend outstanding on preferred stocks for 2019 is = 24000 - 20000 = $4000
Similarly, the dividends outstanding on preferred stocks for 2020 is = 24000 - 20000 = $4000
The total dividends outstanding at start of 2021 = 4000 + 4000 = $8000
Preferred dividend for 2021 = 24000
Total dividend on preferred stock = 24000 + 8000 = $32000
The amount of dividends that common stock holders will receive in 2021 = 50000 - 32000 = $18000
Answer:
r = 0.080528395 = 8.05%
Winner's Prize at 2044: $ 15,215,114.02
Explanation:
Principal 160
Amount 1,610,000
time: 2015 - 1896 = 119
![160 \: (1+ r)^{119} = 1,610,000\\ r = \sqrt[119]{1,610,000 / 160} -1](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=160%20%5C%3A%20%281%2B%20r%29%5E%7B119%7D%20%3D%201%2C610%2C000%5C%5C%20r%20%3D%20%5Csqrt%5B119%5D%7B1%2C610%2C000%20%2F%20160%7D%20-1%20)
r = 0.080528395
If the same rate for the winner's prize is being keep by 2044 the winner will get:
Principal 1,610,000.00
time 29.00 (2044 - 2015)
rate 0.08053
Amount 15,215,114.02
Answer:
b. are clear in their own minds about the scope of the negotiations.
Explanation:
Shadow negotiations refer to the unspoken assumptions that determine how those involved in a deal with each other, whose opinions get heard, whose interests hold sway. Therefore, this is important so the negotiators are clear in their own minds about the scope of the negotiations. Meaning that they go into the negotiation knowing who has more bargaining power and how far they can actually take the negotiation.
Answer:
a. Increase the direct costs of the state's debt.
Explanation:
When a bond's rating is downgraded is a signal to the investors that investing in the bond now is riskier than it was prior to the rating downgrade, hence, a perceived higher risk using the risk/return relationship means that the bond issue would have to offer a higher return to entice the investors to invest in the bonds.
As a result, the higher required rate of return translates into a higher direct cost of the state's debt since their interest rate offered has increased
