The speedometer in a car does not measure the car’s velocity because velocity is
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This is a combined gas law problem, according to which
where P is the pressure of the gas, V is the volume of the gas, and T is the temperature of the gas, and the subscripts 1 and 2 correspond to the initial and final conditions of the gas. In this problem, we are given the initial pressure, volume, and temperature of the gas in the balloon:
P₁ = 1.0 atm
V₁ = 1.8 L
T₁ = 295.15 K (K = °C + 273.15).
Moreover, we are given the final pressure and temperature of the gas in the balloon.
P₂ = 0.86 atm
T₂ = 281.15 K.
What we want to find is the final volume, V₂, which we can obtain by rearranging the combined gas equation to solve for V₂:
This answer has three significant figures. However, the question as written would warrant an answer that comprises one significant figure (as 8 °C has only one sig fig). In that case, the answer would be 2 L. If the answer is to be given to two significant figures, the volume would then be 2.0 L.