Longitudinal, because the sound can only travel at one direction
Answer: 1.95
Explanation:
You should start off from the decay formula and solve for τ:


Apply inverse logarithmic function:

The final form will be:

Inputing values for I, IO, and t:
Answer:
The answer is below
Explanation:
Newton's law of gravity states that the force between two bodies is directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them. The law is expressed by the formula:

The masses and distances for this question is in common units, Therefore the result would be in ratios
a) 4 MEarth / 2 MSolar / 3 AU
The force (F) = (4 * 3) / 3² = 4/3
b) 1 MEarth / 1 MSolar / 1 AU
The force (F) = (1 * 1) / 1² = 1
c) 1 MEarth / 2 MSolar / 2 AU
The force (F) = (1 * 2) / 2² = 1/2