Answer:
0.100 M AlCl₃
Explanation:
The variation of boiling point by the addition of a nonvolatile solute is called ebullioscopy, and the temperature variation is calculated by:
ΔT = W.i
Where W = nsolute/msolvent, and i is the Van't Hoff factor. Because all the substances have the same molarity, n is equal for all of them.
i = final particles/initial particles
C₆H₁₂O₆ don't dissociate, so final particles = initial particles => i = 1;
AlCl₃ dissociates at Al⁺³ and 3Cl⁻, so has 4 final particles and 1 initial particle, i = 4/1 = 4;
NaCl dissociates at Na⁺ and Cl⁻ so has 2 final particles and 1 initial particle, i = 2/1 = 2;
MgCl₂ dissociates at Mg⁺² and 2Cl⁻, so has 3 final particles and 1 initial particle, i = 3/1 = 3.
So, the solution with AlCl₃ will have the highest ΔT, and because of that the highest boiling point.
Answer:
43.96secs
Explanation:
M1 = molar mass of NH3 = 14 + (3x1) = 14 + 3 = 17g/mol
t1 = time for NH3 to diffuse = 30secs
M2 = molar mass of HCl = 1 + 35.5 = 36.5g/mol
t2 = time for HCl to diffuse =?
From Graham's law of diffusion:
t2/t1 = √(M2/M1)
t2/30 = √(36.5/17)
t2/30 = 1.465
Cross multiply
t2 = 30 x 1.465
t2 = 43.96secs
Therefore it will take 43.96secs for the damp blue litmus paper to change colour for HCl.
Answer: a for the first one , d for the second one, b for the third one.
Explanation:
