Answer:
The options
A)Damage to cellular mitochondria
B)Increased ATP levels
C)Activation of the p53 protein
D)Apoptosis
The CORRECT ANSWER IS D
D)Apoptosis
Explanation:
The extrinsic pathway of apoptosis includes extracellular signaling proteins which adhere to cell surface molecules known aa death receptors which in turn activates apoptosis.
The aftermath activates endonucleases prompting division of DNA and ultimately cell death.
Apart from the TNF and Fas ligand, primary signaling molecules also promotes the extrinsic pathway, examples of such are the TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL); the cytokineinterleukin-1 (IL-1); and lipopolysaccharide (LPS), the endotoxin located in the outer cell membrane of gram-negative bacteria while the activation of the p53 protein, and decreased ATP levels in the intrinsic pathway results in DNA damage.
Answer:
C
Explanation:
The brother has different alleles for the blood type gene than his sister does. Blood type is inherited from parents like many other traits that can be displayed on a punnet square. Depending on what the parents blood type alleles were, the brother and sister could have different blood types.
A different number of chromosomes doesn't lead to different blood types, so D is wrong. And A is incorrect because the number genes also does not affect blood type. And I think the blood type genes are on the same chromosome, so B is wrong. C is correct because blood type is inherited by alleles, and different alleles can cause different traits, such as blood types.
