Answer:
a. b- x= y
dx = -dy
b. F = 
c. F = 
Explanation:
a. x components:
= 
Integrating and solving gives:
b- x= y
dx = -dy
b. the force is given by the equation derived from (a.):
F =
c. Given that r>>a, the expression becomes:
F =
Explanation:
When the size of the charge distribution is less than the distance to the deviation point of the charge then the charge distribution would produce the same effect such as a linear charge.
Light that enters the new medium <em>perpendicular to the surface</em> keeps sailing straight through the new medium unrefracted (in the same direction).
Perpendicular to the surface is the "normal" to the surface. So the angle of incidence (angle between the laser and the normal) is zero, and the law of refraction (just like the law of reflection) predicts an angle of zero between the normal and the refracted (or the reflected) beam.
Moral of the story: If you want your laser to keep going in the same direction after it enters the water, or to bounce back in the same direction it came from when it hits the mirror, then shoot it <em>straight on</em> to the surface, perpendicular to it.
When g=a, that means everything on earth fall at the same rate.
<h3>Why does everything fall to the earth at the same rate?</h3>
As such, all objects free fall at the same rate regardless of their mass. Because the 9.8 N/kg gravitational field at Earth's surface causes a 9.8 m/s/s acceleration of any object placed there, we often call this ratio the acceleration of gravity.
<h3>Why is gravity equal to acceleration?</h3>
When objects fall to the ground, gravity causes them to accelerate. Acceleration is a change in velocity, and velocity, in turn, is a measure of the speed and direction of motion. Gravity causes an object to fall toward the ground at a faster and faster velocity the longer the object falls.
Know more about gravity here
brainly.com/question/4014727
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