Answer is: the approximate freezing point of a 0.10 m NaCl solution is -2x°C.
V<span>an't
Hoff factor (i) for NaCl solution is approximately 2.
</span>Van't Hoff factor (i) for glucose solution is 1.<span>
Change in freezing point from pure solvent to
solution: ΔT = i · Kf · m.
Kf - molal freezing-point depression constant for water is 1,86°C/m.
m - molality, moles of solute per
kilogram of solvent.
</span>Kf and molality for this two solutions are the same, but Van't Hoff factor for sodium chloride is twice bigger, so freezing point is twice bigger.
Electron affinity corresponds to the energy released when an electron is added to<span> a </span>neutral atom in the gas phase<span>.
hope this helps!</span>
44. (a) N2O3 (b) SF4 (c) AlCl3 (d) Li2CO3
46. H Br
δ+ δ−
48. The metallic potassium atoms lose one electron and form +1 cations,
and the nonmetallic fluorine atoms gain one electron and form –1 anions.
K → K+
+ e–
19p/19e–
19p/18e–
F + e–
→ F–
9p/9e–
9p/10e–
The ionic bonds are the attractions between K+
cations and F–
anions.
50. See Figure 3.6.
52. (a) covalent…nonmetal-nonmetal (b) ionic…metal-nonmetal
54. (a) all nonmetallic atoms - molecular (b) metal-nonmetal - ionic
56. (a) 7 (b) 4
58. Each of the following answers is based on the assumption that nonmetallic
atoms tend to form covalent bonds in order to get an octet (8) of
electrons around each atom, like the very stable noble gases (other than
helium). Covalent bonds (represented by lines in Lewis structures) and lone
pairs each contribute two electrons to the octet.
(a) oxygen, O
If oxygen atoms form two covalent bonds, they will have an octet of electrons
around them. Water is an example:
H O H
(b) fluorine, F
If fluorine atoms form one covalent bond, they will have an octet of electrons
around them. Hydrogen fluoride, HF, is an example:
H F
(c) carbon, C
If carbon atoms form four covalent bonds, they will have an octet of electrons
around them. Methane, CH4, is an example:
H H
H
H
C
(d) phosphorus, P
If phosphorus atoms form three covalent bonds, they will have an octet
Answer:
they are big chunks of the earth that are constantly vibrating
Explanation:
