The answer is life. It is because operant conditioning is used everyday on young children's life as this enables them to behave in a way their behavior is being shaped and controlled as show reinforcements such as positive or negative in terms of behavior-- this is needed, in order for a child to know where his or her behavior stands and the consequences it leads to.
Assuming you mean the Ottoman Empire, the Turks had a massively different mindset. The Byzantine were not religiously tolerant and they actively sought out the conversion of the Turks and other Muslim population. While the ottomans actively gave control of their own land to the Dhmiri a christian estate that payed moderate taxes for religious freedoms. Also the Byzantines had no African or Asian Ambitions like the Ottomans. The Greeks were more interested in Italy the anything else. The Ottomans on the other hand set up one of the largest transcontinental empire ever seen.<span />
It was the first democratic government to be established in the colonies, and it<span> was the first formal framework of government established in what is now the United States.</span>