epicycles were orbits within orbits used to explain discrepancies between expected and observed planetary movement, including the appearance of planets slowing down, speeding up, and moving backward.
Red is the lowest because it has the shortest wavelengths
The acceleration of gravity on Earth is 9.8 m/s². That means that
an object falling under the influence of gravity will move 9.8 m/s
faster than it was moving a second earlier.
Falling from rest, it will be moving 9.8 m/s after the first second,
and 19.6 m/s after the 2nd second.
The height from which it fell doesn't matter.
