in a discussion, a student makes the following statement regarding the cause of global warming, "The sun's rays penetrate the at
mosphere through the ozone hole and heat up the atmosphere and the surface, thereby causing global warming." is the student correct? why or why not? in your responce, briefly explain both phenomena.
sun rays will not penetrate the ozone layer. they enters the earths atmosphere by the radiation processes. Ozone Layer gets depleted by the action of chlorofluorocarbons which were released by automobiles and refrigerators. and that results in the entry of UV rays which are harmful for life forms. and global warming phenomena is a result of greenhouse effect which explains the phenomenon of the heat which entered Earth's atmosphere by radiation, does not completely reflected back! rather, it (heat) gets stored in the atmosphere which results in the increase in temperature of the earth! and global warming was useful upto some extent in our ancient days. It resulted in the melting of himalayan ice mountains which in turn resulted in the increase of sea level. but now, global warming has become a major headache for us!
Global warming is result of greenhouse effect as caused by increased level of greenhouse gases in atmosphere.
Explanation:
The student is incorrect. The solar radiations do not need ozone hole to penetrate the atmosphere. Rather, the whole layer of atmosphere is penetrable for solar radiations. Only some specific part of it such as UV rays are absorbed by ozone present in the stratosphere.
During the night, the earth's surface reflects back part of absorbed solar radiations. The greenhouse gases such as CO2, water vapor, etc. absorb the radiations reflected back by earth's surface. Since these reflected radiations do not escape to space, the earth's global temperature is increased and the process is called global warming.
Transcription is the process of transfer of genetic information from DNA to RNA, typically to a messenger RNA (mRNA). During transcription, a particular DNA sequence called 'gene' is used as template to create an mRNA which is subsequently used to synthesize a protein by the process of translation. During this process (transcription), Uracil (U) bases pair with Adenine (A) and replace thymine (T) bases in RNA.
ATP is the energy coin of the cell. The hydrolysis of ATP releases energy which is used to carry out cellular functions.
The cells use the cycle to recycle ADP and phosphate.
The cross-bridge cycle of ATP involves its dephosphorylation, thereby producing Adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and inorganic phosphate (Pi).
The ATP cycle involves an exothermic reaction (hydrolysis) that releases energy, which is used for the cells to carry out their metabolic functions (e.g., growth, differentiation, etc).
