Vanillin is the common name for 4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-benzaldehyde.
See attached figure for the structure.
Vanillin have 3 functional groups:
1) aldehyde group: R-HC=O, in which the carbon is double bonded to oxygen
2) phenolic hydroxide group: R-OH, were the hydroxyl group is bounded to a carbon from the benzene ring
3) ether group: R-O-R, were hydrogen is bounded through sigma bonds to carbons
Now for the hybridization we have:
The carbon atoms involved in the benzene ring and the red carbon atom (from the aldehyde group) have a <u>sp²</u> hybridization because they are involved in double bonds.
The carbon atom from the methoxy group (R-O-CH₃) and the blue oxygen's have a <u>sp³</u> hybridization because they are involved only in single bonds.
The halogens are five non-metallic elements found in group 17 of the periodic table. The term "halogen" means "salt-former" and compounds containing halogens are called "salts". All halogens have 7 electrons in their outer shells, giving them an oxidation number of -1.
Genetic engineering also called transformation
The answer is D
Explanation: A RED FLOWER WITH ONE PART COLORED YELLOW
<u>Answer:</u> The percentage abundance of
and
isotopes are 75.77% and 24.23% respectively.
<u>Explanation:</u>
Average atomic mass of an element is defined as the sum of masses of each isotope each multiplied by their natural fractional abundance.
Formula used to calculate average atomic mass follows:
.....(1)
Let the fractional abundance of
isotope be 'x'. So, fractional abundance of
isotope will be '1 - x'
- <u>For
isotope:</u>
Mass of
isotope = 34.9689 amu
Fractional abundance of
isotope = x
- <u>For
isotope:</u>
Mass of
isotope = 36.9659 amu
Fractional abundance of
isotope = 1 - x
- Average atomic mass of chlorine = 35.4527 amu
Putting values in equation 1, we get:
![35.4527=[(34.9689\times x)+(36.9659\times (1-x))]\\\\x=0.7577](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=35.4527%3D%5B%2834.9689%5Ctimes%20x%29%2B%2836.9659%5Ctimes%20%281-x%29%29%5D%5C%5C%5C%5Cx%3D0.7577)
Percentage abundance of
isotope = 
Percentage abundance of
isotope = 
Hence, the percentage abundance of
and
isotopes are 75.77% and 24.23% respectively.