Answer: Mutations in the GALT, GALK1, and GALE genes cause galactosemia.
Explanation: Galactosemia is a disorder that affects how the body processes a simple sugar called galactose. A small amount of galactose is present in many foods. It is primarily part of a larger sugar called lactose, which is found in all dairy products and many baby formulas. The signs and symptoms of galactosemia result from an inability to use galactose to produce energy.Classic galactosemia, also known as type I, is the most common and most severe form of the condition. If infants with classic galactosemia are not treated promptly with a low-galactose diet, life-threatening complications appear within a few days after birth. Affected infants typically develop feeding difficulties, a lack of energy (lethargy), a failure to gain weight and grow as expected (failure to thrive), yellowing of the skin and whites of the eyes (jaundice), liver damage, and abnormal bleeding. Other serious complications of this condition can include overwhelming bacterial infections (sepsis) and shock. Affected children are also at increased risk of delayed development, clouding of the lens of the eye (cataract), speech difficulties, and intellectual disability. Females with classic galactosemia may develop reproductive problems caused by an early loss of function of the ovaries (premature ovarian insufficiency). Galactosemia type II (also called galactokinase deficiency) and type III (also called galactose epimerase deficiency) cause different patterns of signs and symptoms. Galactosemia type II causes fewer medical problems than the classic type. Affected infants develop cataracts but otherwise experience few long-term complications. The signs and symptoms of galactosemia type III vary from mild to severe and can include cataracts, delayed growth and development, intellectual disability, liver disease, and kidney problems.
The nurse suspects that an older adult patient has features of basal cell carcinoma appearing in form of a small dome-shaped lesion with a pearly surface on the face.
What is Basal cell carcinoma?
The most prevalent type of skin cancer that is not melanoma is basal cell carcinoma (BCC).
- It is a tumour that causes localized damage and has a variety of clinical and histological characteristics.
- When viewed at low power magnification, a basaloid epithelial tumour emerging from the epidermis is the primary characteristic of basal cell carcinoma.
- Normally, the palisade-like basaloid epithelium forms a fissure from the surrounding tumour stroma.
The nuclei grow congested in the centre, with scattered mitotic figures and visible necrotic bodies.
The presence of a mucinous stroma serves as a helpful distinguishing factor from other basaloid cutaneous tumours. Additionally, some tumours may exhibit foci of regression, which are regions of eosinophilic stroma devoid of basaloid nests.
Hence, the answer is a small dome-shaped lesion with a pearly surface on the face.
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Answer:
Immune modulators are the chemical agent that alters the immune system by stimulation or inhibition of the white blood cell activity.
Explanation:
A chemical agent that alters the immune response known as immune modulators. Immune modulators can stimulate or inhibit white cell activity or immune response, It is generally suggested in the poor immune systems because of disease like AIDS or rheumatoid arthritis.
The immune-suppressants use in the case of organ transplant to inhibit the white cell activity because it is a chemical agent that inhibits the white cell activity or immune response.
Thus, the immune suppressants are the agent that only inhibit the immune response whereas the immune modulator can stimulate or inhibit the immune response.
Answer:
The child might be suffering from impetigo which is the skin disease wherein the children are likely to develop red sores on any part of the body especially, around the nose and mouth.
Explanation:
Impetigo is a skin disease which can appear on any part of the body. It starts with tiny blisters which further starts revealing the moist and red skin. Impetigo is caused by group A <em>Streptococcus</em> and <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em>. It gradually develops into honey colored crust which starts spreading. If the infection penetrates into deeper layers of skin, it can lead to severe complication called ecthyma. impetigo can worsen in case of poor health hygiene and warmer temperatures.
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Answer:
Protect them from injury by helping them to the floor and clearing away furniture or other items. Do not put anything in their mouth as it could lead to injury. Do not try to stop their movements. You may remove eyeglasses or other items that could cause injury. Time the seizure, call 9-1-1 if it lasts longer than 5 minutes. Reassure them and try to help them stay calm . Gently help them roll onto their side and push the angle of the jaw forward to assist with breathing, this is the recovery position
Explanation: