Answer: Many pathogenic fungi are parasitic in humans and are known to cause diseases of humans and other animals. In humans, parasitic fungi most commonly enter the body through a wound in the epidermis (skin). Such wounds may be insect punctures or accidentally inflicted scratches, cuts, or bruises. One example of a fungus that causes disease in humans is Claviceps purpurea, the cause of ergotism (also known as St. Anthony’s fire), a disease that was prevalent in northern Europe in the Middle Ages, particularly in regions of high rye-bread consumption. The wind carries the fungal spores of ergot to the flowers of the rye, where the spores germinate, infect and destroy the ovaries of the plant, and replace them with masses of microscopic threads cemented together into a hard fungal structure shaped like a rye kernel but considerably larger and darker. This structure, called an ergot, contains a number of poisonous organic compounds called alkaloids. A mature head of rye may carry several ergots in addition to noninfected kernels. When the grain is harvested, much of the ergot falls to the ground, but some remains on the plants and is mixed with the grain. Although modern grain-cleaning and milling methods have practically eliminated the disease, the contaminated flour may end up in bread and other food products if the ergot is not removed before milling. In addition, the ergot that falls to the ground may be consumed by cattle turned out to graze in rye fields after harvest. Cattle that consume enough ergot may suffer abortion of fetuses or death. In the spring, when the rye is in bloom, the ergot remaining on the ground produces tiny, black, mushroom-shaped bodies that expel large numbers of spores, thus starting a new series of infections.
<span>In Drosophila + indicates wild-type allele for any gene, m is mahogany and e is ebony.
Female parents are m+/m+ and males are +e/+e.
F1 are m+/+e, all wild type. F1 females are crossed with me/me males - the test cross.
Offspring will be : non recombinant m+/me, mahogany wild type or +e/me wild type ebony. OR
recombinant me/me mahogany ebony or ++/++ wild type.
As the two genes are 25 map units apart, the percentage of recombinants will be 25% and therefore percentage parental types will be 75%.
75% 1000 is 750. There are two parental types, so you would expect 375 of each. Therefore, you would expect 375 m+/me and 375 +e/me.
25% of 1000 is 250 split between two recombinants =125 of each. Therefore you would expect 135 me/me and 125 ++/++</span>
The Discovery<span> of Radioactivity. In 1896 </span>Henri Becquerel<span> was using naturally fluorescent minerals to study the properties of x-rays, which had been</span>discovered<span> in 1895 by Wilhelm Roentgen</span>
I think its A but I'm not sure.
